RDIPB - D-ECSC - Comunicações sem Peer Review
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing RDIPB - D-ECSC - Comunicações sem Peer Review by Subject "Inclusão"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Diversity and acceptance: views of children and youngstersPublication . Santos, Maria Teresa"Modern societies are becoming more heterogeneous, multiethnic, multicultural, and schools have to deal with an increasing number of children whose characteristics are distinct in a multiplicity of aspects. Reflecting then the social reality, the public school is challenged to answer with quality in order to promote the full potential of its population (Ainscow, 1997; Morgado, 2004; Rodrigues, 2006). Human history is full of examples of segregation and humiliation of individuals and groups whose characteristics did not fit the social patterns and rules. This mechanism of categorizing some as different and deviant, upon which many prejudices were built, are still present in contemporary societies, though in more subtle and covered ways than in the past (França & Monteiro, 2004; Vala & Lima, 2003). School is the ideal context to provide the opportunity to contact with diversity. Young people realize this and are aware of school meaning for social development. But when diversity comes in very salient features, how they see it and react to it? Inscribed in the field of inclusive education, this study focuses on children and youngsters’ perceptions of different aspects of diversity in people (e.g., skin colour, handicap, ethnicity, violent behaviour, social-economic status) on their experience of contact with individuals of the referred groups and on the way they see and conceive relationships with them. The theoretical framework puts into perspective various approaches concerning education and difference, the self and others perception, the interpersonal and group relationships, stereotypes and prejudice and also the strategies to promote positive attitudes towards others. A group of 85 children and youngsters (10, 13 and 16 year-olds) of Beja (Portugal) elementary and secondary schools were interviewed. The data analysis was centred not only on the qualitative aspects of the content but also submitted to statistical procedures. As supported by the literature, it was expected that age, gender and parents’ academic level (independent variables) would influence children’s and youngsters’ perceptions, therefore bringing to light distinct patterns of thought and behaviour. However, in this study, there was no statistic evidence of such differences. As a whole, the results show a group whose perceptions of others, who belong to usually stereotyped and discriminated social categories, are mainly positive and so are the relationships established or foreseen with members of those groups. If skin colour, handicap and social-economic status are consider by the great majority as not offering any problem to relationships, the same is not so unanimous regarding the gipsy ethnic group and here the prejudice is more evident, with many stating how difficult they find to relate with members of this group. In fact, when we look into the various studies, the gipsy ethnic group is the minority group most rejected by the Portuguese Society (Dias et al., 2006; Fonseca et al., 2005; Mendes, 2005). Therefore, this presentation will analyse some of the results and discuss the role of school to promote the acceptance of diversity."
- Pensar as diferenças através do olhar de crianças e jovensPublication . Santos, Maria TeresaAs representações da diferença em crianças e jovens de 9, 12 e 15 anos, a frequentarem o ensino básico e secundário na cidade de Beja, constituíram o objecto de estudo desta investigação cujos principais objectivos delineados foram: conhecer a representação que estas crianças e jovens têm da diferença, através da descrição de um outro que consideram diferente de si e compreender como concebem as relações com esse(s) outro(s). Consideraram-se como variáveis independentes a idade, o género e o nível académico dos pais dos sujeitos. Um estudo exploratório (29 alunos) possibilitou ensaiar o primeiro instrumento utilizado - a narrativa escrita - que foi posteriormente aplicado a uma amostra de 607 alunos. Um ano depois, 85 destes sujeitos foram entrevistados. As técnicas de tratamento de dados centraram-se na análise de conteúdo (dos textos escritos e das respostas às questões colocadas na entrevista) e na análise estatística. Os principais resultados indicaram haver diferenças significativas na representação da diferença e na relação com a mesma por parte destas crianças e jovens quando se cruzam os dados com as variáveis, idade, género e nível académico dos pais. Porém, ao analisarem-se os resultados gerais, o que se tornou saliente, quando os sujeitos descrevem o outro que consideram diferente de si, foram os aspectos relacionados com o comportamento e competências sociais, evidenciando o que será visto como relevante para se ser aceite ou rejeitado num dado grupo ou contexto. De um modo geral, a representação deste outro tido como diferente apresentou-se como globalmente positiva pelo que, também, ao nível das relações, estas apontaram para o entendimento e satisfação mútuos, independentemente desse outro pertencer a categorias estereotipadas e discriminadas.