Percorrer por autor "Vasco, Elsa"
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- Current advances, research needs and gaps in mycotoxins biomonitoring under the HBM4EU : lessons learned and future trendsPublication . Alvito, Paula; Assunção, Ricardo; Bajard, Lola; Martins, Carla; Mengelers, Marcel J. B.; Mol, Hans; Namorado, Sónia; van den Brand, Annick D.; Vasco, Elsa; Viegas, Susana; Silva, Maria JoãoMycotoxins are natural metabolites produced by fungi that contaminate food and feed worldwide. They can pose a threat to human and animal health, mainly causing chronic effects, e.g., immunotoxic and carcinogenic. Due to climate change, an increase in European population exposure to mycotoxins is expected to occur, raising public health concerns. This urges us to assess the current human exposure to mycotoxins in Europe to allow monitoring exposure and prevent future health impacts. The mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) were considered as priority substances to be studied within the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) to generate knowledge on internal exposure and their potential health impacts. Several policy questions were addressed concerning hazard characterization, exposure and risk assessment. The present article presents the current advances attained under the HBM4EU, research needs and gaps. Overall, the knowledge on the European population risk from exposure to DON was improved by using new harmonised data and a newly derived reference value. In addition, mechanistic information on FB1 was, for the first time, organized into an adverse outcome pathway for a congenital anomaly. It is expected that this knowledge will support policy making and contribute to driving new Human Biomonitoring (HBM) studies on mycotoxin exposure in Europe.
- Exposure assessment of the European adult population to deoxynivalenol – results from the HBM4EU Aligned StudiesPublication . Namorado, Sónia; Martins, Carla; Ogura, Joana; Assunção, Ricardo; Vasco, Elsa; Appenzeller, Brice; Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.; Janasik, Beata; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Nieuwenhuyse, An Van; Ólafsdóttir, Kristin; Rambaud, Loïc; Riou, Margaux; Silva, Susana; Wasowicz, Wojciech; Weber, Till; Esteban-López, Marta; Castaño, Argelia; Gilles, Liese; Martin, Laura Rodríguez; Govarts, Eva; Schoeters, Greet; Viegas, Susana; Silva, Maria João; Alvito, PaulaMycotoxins are natural toxins produced by fungi that may cause adverse health effects thus constituting a public health concern. Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin affecting the immune system and causing intestinal disorders, was selected as a priority under the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU). Urinary total DON levels (tDON) of 1270 participants from six countries were used to characterize the internal exposure of the adult European population and identify the most relevant determinants of exposure. tDON concentrations’ P50 and P95 were in the range of 0.41–10.16 µg/L (0.39–9.05 µg/g crt) and 3.25–46.58 µg/L (2.12–33.50 µg/g crt) respectively. Higher tDON levels were observed for (i) male participants from France and Germany, (ii) samples collected in spring and summer, (iii) participants with a lower educational level, (iv) participants living in rural areas, (v) individuals without a job in France and Luxembourg, while in Portugal higher exposure was observed in working individuals, (vi) individuals with higher consumption of cereals and bread. The proportion of individuals with exposure levels exceeding the HBM-GV of 23 µg/L was 12.3 %, ranging from 0.8 % to 20.7 % in the individual countries. This study on mycotoxins exposure has used post harmonized questionnaire data and validated analytical methodologies for analysis and covered countries representing the four geographical regions of Europe, having produced much needed knowledge on the exposure of the European adult population to deoxynivalenol.