Browsing by Author "Resino, Salvador"
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- Epidemic history and baseline resistance to NS5A-specific direct acting drugs of hepatitis C virus in SpainPublication . Palladino, Claudia; Ezeonwumelu, Ifeanyi Jude; Mate-Cano, Irene; Borrego, Pedro; Martínez-Román, Paula; Arca-Lafuente, Sonia; Resino, Salvador; Taveira, Nuno; Briz, VerónicaHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a global health problem. Previously, the prevalence of NS5A resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) to elbasvir, a new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) against the NS5A viral protein was assessed by our group before its introduction into clinical use in Spain. However, the origin, epidemic history, transmission dynamics, diversity and baseline RASs to NS5A direct-acting agents of HCV-GT1a in Spain remain unknown. A nationwide cross-sectional survey of individuals chronically-infected with HCV-G1a and DAAs-naïve was performed. HCV population sequencing, phylogenetic analysis and Bayesian methods were used. GT1a clade II was more prevalent than clade I (82.3% vs. 17.7%; P < 0.001) and older (estimated origin in 1912 vs. 1952). Clade II epidemic is currently declining whereas clade I epidemic has reached equilibrium. A total of 58 single RASs were identified, which account for the moderate level (10%) of baseline resistance observed. When considering the regional data, marked differences were observed, with thirteen regions showing an intermediate level (5–15%) and one a high level (20%) of resistance. Current HCV-GT1a epidemic in Spain is driven by clade I which seem to have different dissemination routes relative to clade II. A moderate level of baseline RASs to NS5A-DAAs with marked differences among regions was observed. Close surveillance of response to treatment with DAAs will be important.
- HCV-coinfection is related to an increased HIV-1 reservoir size in cART-treated HIV patients: a cross-sectional studyPublication . López-Huertas, Maria Rosa; Palladino, Claudia; Garrido-Arquero, Marta; Esteban-Cartelle, Beatriz; Sánchez-Carrillo, Marta; Martínez-Román, Paula; Martín-Carbonero, Luz; Ryan, Pablo; Domínguez-Domínguez, Lourdes; De Los Santos, Ignacio; De La Fuente Moral, Sara; Benito, José Miguel; Rallón, Norma; Alcamí, José; Resino, Salvador; Fernández-Rodríguez, Amanda; Coiras, Mayte; Briz, Verónica; Multidisciplinary Group of viral coinfection HIV/Hepatitis (COVIHEP)In HIV-1/HCV-coinfected patients, chronic HCV infection leads to an increased T-lymphocyte immune activation compared to HIV-monoinfected patients, thereby likely contributing to increase HIV-1 reservoir that is the major barrier for its eradication. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of HCV coinfection in HIV-1 viral reservoir size in resting (r) CD4+ T-cells (CD25-CD69-HLADR-). Multicenter cross-sectional study of 97 cART-treated HIV-1 patients, including 36 patients with HIV and HCV-chronic co-infection without anti-HCV treatment, 32 HIV patients with HCV spontaneous clearance and 29 HIV-monoinfected patients. rCD4+ T-cells were isolated and total DNA was extracted. HIV viral reservoir was measured by Alu-LTR qPCR. Differences between groups were calculated with a generalized linear model. Overall, 63.9% were men, median age of 41 years and Caucasian. Median CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were 725 and 858 cells/mm3, respectively. CD4+ T nadir cells was 305 cells/mm3. Proviral HIV-1 DNA size was significantly increased in chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected compared to HIV-monoinfected patients (206.21 ± 47.38 vs. 87.34 ± 22.46, respectively; P = 0.009), as well as in spontaneously clarified HCV co-infected patients when compared to HIV-monoinfected individuals (136.20 ± 33.20; P = 0.009). HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients showed a larger HIV-1 reservoir size in comparison to HIV-monoinfected individuals. This increase could lead to a greater complexity in the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir in HIV-1/HCV-coinfected individuals, which should be considered in the current strategies for the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir.