Browsing by Author "Pires, Maria Calejo"
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- Bug and the bacteria: are these the unique mental representation of tooth decay?Publication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Santos, Helcília Dias dos; Pires, Maria CalejoObjective: Dental caries has a multifactorial aetiology and affects a large part of children’s population worldwide, sometimes configured as a chronic disease. The use of drawing as a projective technique has revealed to be of great use on accessing children's perceptions regarding health issues. The present study aimed to understand how children experience the mental representation of dental caries. Methods: In this exploratory study, the sample consists of 812 children aged between 6 -12 years, recruited from appointments of Paediatric Dentistry at the Egas Moniz University Clinic. This study combined a qualitative methodological strategy with quantitative parameters. Participants were invited to draw a healthy tooth and an (un)healthy tooth. In the present study, only the illustrations regarding (un)healthy tooth has been analyzed through a content analysis grid, to explore the presence of dental caries on the drawing teeth. It was taken into consideration five (5) analytical categories and subcategories, from the content analysis grid designed especially for this research: i) fractures, ii) stains, iii) cavitation, iv) symbols and v) extra drawing. Results: In the present study, Tooth Decay were mental represented by children mostly as Stains. Some participants also drew tears, representing the pain associated to the dental decay. Extra drawings such as bugs, thermometers, bandages and ice bags, were also drawn by the participants expressing the idea of a sick tooth. Conclusions: The drawing as a projective technique of a qualitative nature is a graphical record of high empirical relevance.
- Drawing as a process of psychic mediation along the child´s developmental trajectoryPublication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Ahmad, Samir M.; Evangelista, José Grillo; Carvalho, Maria do Rosário; Santos, Helcília Dias dos; Pires, Maria CalejoINTRODUCTION: The intrapsychic process of resorting to the symbolic is innate and prepares the child for the organization of his internal world. Throughout the child's developmental trajectory, its playful projective expression, allows us to assess the psychographically internalized stages of development. The present study aims to evaluate the mental representation of the concept of symbolism, size, and perspective of designed percepts along the developmental trajectory (age range from 4 to 12 years).
- My tooth is ill: about the mental representation of the concept of caries in children (phase I)Publication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Pires, Maria Calejo; Nunes, Inês
- Orthodontic smile: a new categorization of the perfect smilePublication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Ferreira, Ana; Pires, Maria Calejo; Alves, Valter; Delgado, AnaBackground and Aim: There is a shortage of empirical studies that combine the problem of malocclusion to the importance of the self-perception of the mouth/smile in the mental representation of the self-image of the face, which is the aim of the present qualitative and exploratory study. Subjects and Methods: The convenience sample consisted of 151 children and youngsters of both genders, aged 8–24 years, who used an orthodontic appliance for 6 months to 1 year, and were invited to draw two portraits of their mouth/smile before (M1) and after (M2) the use of an orthodontic appliance. Results: The main reasons that underpin the use of an orthodontic appliance are defined by the crooked teeth correction, malocclusion correction, and interdental spaces categories, in which having the perfect smile was only relevant to preteens. Discussion and Conclusions: In the present study, we have identified the orthodontic smile as a new categorization of a perfect smile associated with the social display of a look with perfect teeth.
- Simulacro odontopediátrico com recurso à estratégia de ensino roleplaying em educação para a saúde oralPublication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Antunes, Ana; Dias, Ana; Duarte, Beatriz; Pires, Maria CalejoO presente artigo tem como objetivo desmistificar no âmbito de um ato pedagógico, i) o acontecimento desenvolvimentista da erupção dos dentes definitivos na criança; ii) sedimentar precocemente hábitos salutogénicos; e iii) elaborar instrumentos de Educação para a Saúde, evidenciando-se, assim, a importância da comunicação relacional e terapêutica no setting terapêutico de Medicina Dentária. As bases teóricas foram fundamentadas de acordo com Chernoff (1973); Dranka (2012); Magalhães et al. (2013); Mota-Cardoso (2012); Santos (2017). Foi realizado pelos discentes de um simulacro terapêutico-pedagógico em setting odontopediátrico com recurso à técnica do roleplaying, consolidando a vivência de um vínculo terapêutico, a acessibilidade e o fortalecimento dos discentes, no contexto da aprendizagem das suas capacidades comunicacionais. É consentâneo que o roleplaying, enquanto estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem permite que os discentes edifiquem conhecimentos sobre as suas (auto) capacidades comunicacionais a partir de uma reflexão crítica das suas próprias experiências e/ou dos seus pares.
- The anthropomorphized emotional profile of a (un) healthy toothPublication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Ahmad, Samir; Santos, Helcínia Dias dos; Pires, Maria Calejo; Ferreira, Ana; Alves, Valter; Delgado, AnaDrawing as a projective technique allows the access to the child's intrapsychic experiences. Notoriously, the use of drawings has been known as a referential research instrument in qualitative Health studies. Objectives: This exploratory study aims at understanding the mental representation of the concept of a healthy tooth and of an unhealthy tooth, through anthropomorphized drawings made by children, aged 6-12 years. Methods: The sample consisted of 150 children of both genders who attended at least one dental appointment at a University Dental Clinic of a metropolitan urban area. Drawings that showed anthropomorphized teeth (n = 300) were selected to perform the content analysis of the anthropomorphized features. Results: There is a clear variation in the level of anthropomorphizing of teeth according to age and gender. Conclusion: The results point to an increase in subject’s mental representation of reality in drawings in accordance to subject’s age, most significantly from 10 years onwards.
- The phantasmatic mind and the superstitious parts of the tattooed bodyPublication . Dias, Maria do Rosário; Ferreira, Ana; Pires, Maria Calejo; Nunes, Inês; Carvalho, Maria do RosárioTattoos have presently become works of art and body accessories, serving as anchors that help to solidify a sense of Self. The present exploratory and qualitative study aimed at understanding the mental representation of the skin in tattooed individuals and the role that tattoos play as a vehicle for the projected identity of the Self. The studied sample consisted of 387 individuals from both genders (146 males and 241 females), aged 16 to 72 years with exposed tattoos, who were invited to produce two self-portraits and a written answer on whether they had experienced any form of discrimination due to their tattooed body. We then proceeded to the content analysis of the 774 collected pictorial drawings, using a grid featuring analytical categories purposely conceived for this study. The results revealed that the self-portraits drawn before the subjects were tattooed showed less body investment than those drawn afterwards. However, the mental representation of the self-portraits drawn after the subjects were tattooed showed a fragmented idea of the body - only the body part that was tattooed was pictorially represented. Additionally, they were associated to a state of happiness (e.g. smile, movement, flexibility, freedom) and to a personal valorization.