Percorrer por autor "Almeida, Manuel Barbosa"
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- The interactive influence of gender and ergonomic factors, alongside psychosocial associations, on work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Saudi dental students : a cross-sectional studyPublication . Kassim, Saba; Alblehshi, Hawazin Mohammad; Bakeer, Hala; Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Al-Harkan, Doaa S.; Jambi, Safa; Felemban, Doaa; Alaajam, Wafa; Althagafi, Nebras; Fadel, Hani T.; Alsharif, AllaBackground: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dental students have been documented, with female gender frequently identified as a contributing factor. Yet there is a lack of studies that have investigated the underlying factors between gender and WMSDs. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to examine the interaction of gender with two specific ergonomic risk factors—academic level and weekly training hours—on WMSDs. Additionally, the associations of psychosocial factors, namely perceived stress and social support, with WMSDs were explored separately. Methodology: A self-reported questionnaire was distributed among a convenience sample of 409 undergraduate dental students at a dental school in Western Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised socio-demographic characteristics, WMSDs using validated questionnaire (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire), the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: The median/interquartile range age of the participants was 21 (2) years, and 59% were males. Of the participants, 71% (95% confidence interval (CI) [64.3–76.7]) self-reported WMSDs in at least one area of body over the past 12 months, with the most reported WMSDs being in the lower back, followed by the neck, wrists/hands, and shoulders at 48%, 45%, 31% and 30%, respectively. In fully adjusted logistic regression, being a female and the synergy between gender (female), academic levels and assigned training hours per week were significantly associated with self-reported WMSDs (adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 0.05, 95% CI [0.02–0.17], p < .001; AOR: 1.33, 95% CI [1.07–1.65], p = .011). Conclusion: In this study sample, psychosocial factors were not associated with WMSDs. However, the results suggest that female student were more likely to self-report WMSDs than counterparts. Notably, the interaction between gender, academic level and number of hours training assigned per week contributed significantly and positively in self-reported WMSDs specifically among female students. Intervention may consider female students at higher academic levels with training demands.
- Neck strength variations in dental students with and without neck pain : a longitudinal studyPublication . Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Moreira, Marion; Moleirinho-Alves, Paula; Oliveira, RaúlNeck pain can induce specific motor responses and alterations in muscle strength. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and compare the progression of cervical muscle strength within and between students with and without neck pain over the course of their first semester of clinical training. We used an online Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for group allocation, and neck strength in flexion, extension, and lateral flexion on both sides was measured using the KForce Bubble Pro hand-held dynamometer. Forty-four students were divided into neck pain (n = 21) and asymptomatic (n = 23) groups. Both groups increased neck strength by the end of the semester in flexion, extension, and left and right lateral flexion (p < 0.001). Students experiencing neck pain showed a significantly lesser degree of improvement (p = 0.036) in right lateral flexion. The agonist/antagonist ratios revealed an enhanced role of neck extensors across both groups. Dental students showed overall increased cervical strength in their first semester of clinical training. Those with neck pain exhibited a diminished rate of strength gain in right lateral flexion when compared with students without pain by the semester’s end, suggesting different neuromuscular adjustments to clinical practice in students experiencing pain, which may lead to functional impairments in later training stages.
- Patient-reported outcome measures in knee injuries rehabilitation : a protocol for interventionPublication . Moreira, José; Mesquita, Marina; Flamínio, José; Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Delgado, Bruno; Boto, PauloDifferent musculoskeletal conditions affect people all over the world and were considered by the WHO to be the main cause of disability in 4 of 6 regions in 2017, with an increase in the associated burden and the impact they have on today's society. One of these conditions is related to the knee, which is associated with complex and vulnerable injuries associated with ligaments, menisci, and cartilage. After surgery, there is a reflex inhibition of motor neurons and immobilization, there is rapid atrophy and weakness in the different associated muscles, affecting proprioception, strength and muscle function, compromising quality of life. The aim of this article is to describe a protocol for a rehabilitation program after surgery for people with knee injuries. An experimental study will be carried out with 75 patients, with control and experimental groups. In both groups, initial measurements will be compared with measurements after the program, at different times. It is hoped that this study will generate significant information on rehabilitation intervention for people with knee injuries.
- Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dental students : a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Póvoa, Rita; Tavares, Duarte; Alves, Paula Moleirinho; Oliveira, RaúlObjectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in dental students and analyze the potential associated risk factors. Methods: This review was registered in PROSPERO with the number CRD42022349864. We performed a meta-analysis calculating event rates with relative 95% confidence intervals for each body region. Two investigators systematically searched Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: Sixteen studies, with 3761 dental students, were included. The highest 7-day prevalence was in the lower back (27.2%; 95% CI 20–35), neck (27%; 95% CI 19.1–35.8), and upper back (24.2%; 95% CI 17.2–32). Yearly occurrence was mainly in the neck (51%; 95% CI 41–61), followed by shoulders (45.3%; 95% CI 37.6–53.1) and lower back (42%; 95% CI 34.1–50.2) and a fraction of these reported that symptoms in lower-back (15.2%; 95% CI 12.1–18.5), neck (13.9%; 95% CI 10.6–17.5) and shoulders (12.2%; 95% CI 8.7–16.3) affected work or normal activities. Associated contributing factors include female sex, poor posture habits, inadequate ergonomics knowledge, sedentary lifestyle, high physical activity levels, poor quality of life, and smoking. In contrast, engaging in physical exercise has positively impacted mitigating the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Conclusions: WMSDs have a high prevalence among dental students, particularly in the cervicothoracic, lumbar, and shoulder regions, having a significant impact since training years. Further research with a multidimensional approach with psychosocial and physical assessments is recommended to understand this issue thoroughly.
- The time-course changes in postural control variability between neck pain and asymptomatic dental studentsPublication . Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Moreira, Marion; Moreira, José; Vaz, João R.; Moleirinho-Alves, Paula; Oliveira, RaúlChanges in postural control associated with clinical practice or specific conditions such as the presence of neck pain remain unexplored in dental students. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the time-course changes in postural control complexity among dental students enrolled in clinical practice, comparing those with and without neck pain. We used an online Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for group allocation and center of pressure (CoP) oscillations with a tri-axial Bertec force plate. Baseline data were acquired from dental students with neck pain (NP) (n = 21) and asymptomatic in a control group (n = 23), before starting their clinical practice, and assessments were repeated after their first semester. CoP fluctuations were determined through the calculation of sample entropy. Both groups had similar postural control at baseline, but asymptomatic students exhibited more irregular CoP AP (p = 0.013) and ML (p = 0.015) oscillations, while students with neck pain showed a more rigid pattern (p = 0.004) in the AP direction at the endpoint. Our results showed that dental students’ postural control complexity decreased during the first semester of clinical practice. Over time, asymptomatic students exhibited more random postural control patterns, while students with neck pain demonstrated more rigid postural control during upright stance, indicating that postural control complexity differs between students with and without neck pain when exposed to clinical training.
- Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dental students : a cross-sectional study integrating the pain adaptation modelPublication . Almeida, Manuel Barbosa; Moleirinho-Alves, Paula; Oliveira, RaúlAim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, anatomical distribution, and contributing biological and psychosocial factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dental students. Subject and methods: We used the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to determine the prevalence and anatomical distribution of WMSDs, integrating biological and psychosocial variables, including stress, anxiety, and quality of life levels measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Form (WHOQOL-Bref), respectively. We used chi-square tests to analyze differences between the prevalences of independent groups, and binary logistic regression models to identify potential predictors among sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics. Results: A total of 239 students were contacted to participate and 123 answered the questionnaire, setting the response rate at 51.5%. We excluded 18 for being over 30 years old and 25 for having diagnosed and ongoing musculoskeletal injuries, leaving 80 participants. They were 77.5% women and 22.5% men with 22.69 ± 1.63 years, 1.67 ± 0.08 m, 60.44 ± 10.94 kg and a body mass index (BMI) of 21.46 ± 2.61 kg/m2. A total of 91.3% of the participants reported symptoms in at least one body region in the past year. The neck and lower back (63.8%) were the most frequently affected areas, followed by 40% in the shoulders and 31% in the wrists/hands. Over the period of a week, 23.8% experienced symptoms in the lower back, 21.3% in the cervical region, and 15% in both shoulders and wrists/hands. Additionally, male students are 90% more likely to develop WMSDs in the shoulders, and students with anxiety are 49% more prone to refer WMSDs in lower back region. Conclusion: High WMSDs rates were observed in dental students in neck, low back, and shoulders. Male students and those with increased levels of anxiety were more likely to develop WMSDs. Further investigation focused on the motor-behavior adaptations and psychosocial determinants underpinning these findings is fundamental to fully understand them, allowing the development and implementation of strategies to prevent and manage WMSDs in dental students.