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Caracterização da fenologia de quatro cultivares de oliveira ( olea europaea L)
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Documento Principal | 55.02 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
Num estudo realizado em 2011 no Departamento de olivicultura do INRB/INIA-Elvas,
efectuou-se a caracterização da fenologia de 4 cultivares de oliveira de grande difusão
(‘Arbequina’, ‘Cobrançosa’, ‘Galega’ e ‘Picual’) com base em observações dos estados
fenológicos e da época de floração. Foi também feita uma avaliação da qualidade da flor e da
qualidade do pólen.
A evolução dos estados fenológicos, foi semelhante para as 4 cultivares excepto para a
‘Arbequina’, que teve um desenvolvimento inicial mais lento até ao estado (54), mas que
depois atingiu a floração e o endurecimento do endocarpo mais rapidamente. A entrada em
floração teve a seguinte sequência: ‘Arbequina’, ‘Galega’, ‘Cobrançosa’ e ‘Picual’ em
simultâneo.
A cultivar ‘Galega’ apresentou os maiores valores da taxa de vingamento e maior
número médio de frutos por inflorescência. Os valores obtidos na avaliação da qualidade do
pólen foram extremamente baixos, em relação a outros trabalhos efectuados.
O modelo FlowerCalc© usado neste estudo mostrou ser adequado para efectuar
previsões da época de floração e das necessidades de frio e de calor das cultivares em estudo.
As simulações efectuadas mostraram que as cultivares ‘Arbequina’ e ‘Picual’
necessitam de menos horas de frio para quebrar a dormência, que a ‘Galega’ e a
‘Cobrançosa’
The phenology of four widely spread olive cultivars (‘Arbequina’, ‘Galega’, ‘Cobrançosa’ and ‘Picual’) has been characterized based on the observations of their phenological states and flowering period in a 2011 study realized at the department of olive culture of INRB/INIA-Elvas. The quality of the flower and pollen has also been assessed. The evolution of the phenological states was similar regarding the four cultivars, except for ‘Arbequina’ which had a slower initial development until state (54) but then reached flowering and endocarp hardening quicker. The floral initiation of the cultivars occurred according to the following order: 'Arbequina', 'Galega' and 'Picual' simultaneously with 'Cobrançosa'. The 'Galega' cultivar presented the higher rate of fruit set and the higher average number of fruit by inflorescence. The results of the pollen's quality assessment were extremely low when compared to the literature reviewed. The FlowerCalc© model used on this study has proven to be adequate in predicting the flowering period as well as the chilling and heating requirements of the studied cultivars. The simulations have shown that the 'Arbequina' and 'Picual' cultivars require a lower number of chilling hours to break the dormancy than 'Galega' and 'Cobrançosa'.
The phenology of four widely spread olive cultivars (‘Arbequina’, ‘Galega’, ‘Cobrançosa’ and ‘Picual’) has been characterized based on the observations of their phenological states and flowering period in a 2011 study realized at the department of olive culture of INRB/INIA-Elvas. The quality of the flower and pollen has also been assessed. The evolution of the phenological states was similar regarding the four cultivars, except for ‘Arbequina’ which had a slower initial development until state (54) but then reached flowering and endocarp hardening quicker. The floral initiation of the cultivars occurred according to the following order: 'Arbequina', 'Galega' and 'Picual' simultaneously with 'Cobrançosa'. The 'Galega' cultivar presented the higher rate of fruit set and the higher average number of fruit by inflorescence. The results of the pollen's quality assessment were extremely low when compared to the literature reviewed. The FlowerCalc© model used on this study has proven to be adequate in predicting the flowering period as well as the chilling and heating requirements of the studied cultivars. The simulations have shown that the 'Arbequina' and 'Picual' cultivars require a lower number of chilling hours to break the dormancy than 'Galega' and 'Cobrançosa'.
Description
Keywords
Alterações climáticas Fenologia Floração Modelos de simulação Olea europaea L.