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Técnicas não farmacológicas no alívio da dor em idade pediátrica: Projeto de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica apresenta o desafio de assistir as
crianças/adolescentes e seus pais nos seus processos de vida e na gestão do seu processo de
transição, permitindo ajudar a lidar com as transições que estão a vivenciar, melhorando a
qualidade dos cuidados prestados.
É essencial o investimento no desenvolvimento de competências para a prestação de cuidados
de enfermagem eficaz, segura e de qualidade, de forma a garantir a melhor resposta às
necessidades da criança e aos seus pais
Este relatório foi elaborado no âmbito do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e
Pediátrica da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto e explana, de uma forma crítica e
reflexiva o caminho realizado para a aquisição das competências comuns e específicas de
Enfermeiro Especialista como preconizado nos Regulamentos nº140/2019 e nº422/2018, através
da concretização de atividades desenvolvidas nos estágios em contexto de cuidados
diferenciados e em contextos de cuidados de saúde primários.
O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica inclui no seu perfil de
competências a gestão diferenciada da dor da criança/adolescente, através da execução de
técnicas não farmacológicas para o alívio da dor. Esta temática é uma área do conhecimento
específico do meu interesse e foi neste contexto que decorreu o projeto de desenvolvimento de
competências clinicas especializadas, que neste mestrado fui incentivada a desenvolver.
No âmbito deste projeto, foram executadas técnicas não farmacológicas; observadas as técnicas
não farmacológicas utilizadas pelos enfermeiros; realizada uma sessão de formação em serviço
na Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade sobre a conceção de cuidados de enfermagem perante
uma criança com dor; sistematizadas vantagens, desvantagens, critérios de recomendação,
critérios de não recomendação de cada técnica não farmacológica; discutidos três
planeamentos de cuidados, tendo em conta o foco dor e a prescrição de técnicas não
farmacológicas; e avaliadas e identificadas as necessidades de conhecimento da criança e pais,
em relação ao uso das técnicas não farmacológicas.
Para a explanação da conceção de cuidados recorri à plataforma E4Nursing, criada pela Escola
Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, e à plataforma de pesquisa EBSCOhost nomeadamente, nas
bases de dados Medline Complete e Cochrane Complete, aos livros, normas e guias orientadores
para a procura de evidência cientifica.
Assim, no presente relatório são expostas as implicações deste percurso de aprendizagem para a prática de enfermagem e sugeridas algumas intervenções para a melhoria contínua da
qualidade de cuidados. Este documento formal está organizado em três partes que, entre outros
aspetos, reportam o trajeto de desenvolvimento do projeto delineado, a caracterização dos
contextos onde decorreu a prática clínica, os estudos de caso desenvolvidos em cada contexto,
bem como o nível de concretização das diferentes competências.
Paediatric and Childcare Nursing presents the challenge of assisting children/adolescents and their parents in their life processes and in managing their transition process, allowing them to help deal with the transitions they are experiencing, improving the quality of care provided. It is essential to invest in the development of skills to provide effective, safe and quality nursing care, in order to guarantee the best response to the needs of the child and their parents. This report was prepared within the scope of the Master's Degree in Paediatric and Childcare Nursing at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto and explains, in a critical and reflective way, the path taken to acquire the common and specific skills of a Specialist Nurse as recommended in Regulations nº 140 /2019 and nº429/2018, through the implementation of activities developed in internships in the context of differentiated care and in primary health care contexts. The Paediatric and Childcare Nursing includes in their skills profile the differentiated management of child/adolescent pain, through the implementation of non-pharmacological techniques for pain relief. This theme is an area of knowledge specific to my interest and it was in this context that the project to develop specialized clinical skills took place, which in this master's degree I was encouraged to develop. Within the scope of this project, non-pharmacological techniques were implemented; observed the non-pharmacological techniques used by nurses; an in-service training session was held at the Community Care Unit on the design of nursing care for a child in pain; systematized advantages, disadvantages, recommendation criteria, non-recommendation criteria for each non-pharmacological technique; three care plans were discussed, taking into account the focus on pain and the prescription of non-pharmacological techniques; and the knowledge needs of children and parents were assessed and identified in relation to the use of non-pharmacological techniques. To explain the design of care, I used the E4Nursing platform, created by the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, and the EBSCOhost research platform, namely, in the Medline Complete and Cochrane Complete databases, books, standards and guides for searching for scientific evidence. Therefore, this report explains the implications of this learning path for nursing practice and suggests some interventions for continuous improvement in the quality of care. This formal document is organized into three parts, which, among other aspects, report the development path of the outlined project, the characterization of the contexts where it took place clinical practice, case studies developed in each context, as well as the level of implementation of different skills.
Paediatric and Childcare Nursing presents the challenge of assisting children/adolescents and their parents in their life processes and in managing their transition process, allowing them to help deal with the transitions they are experiencing, improving the quality of care provided. It is essential to invest in the development of skills to provide effective, safe and quality nursing care, in order to guarantee the best response to the needs of the child and their parents. This report was prepared within the scope of the Master's Degree in Paediatric and Childcare Nursing at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto and explains, in a critical and reflective way, the path taken to acquire the common and specific skills of a Specialist Nurse as recommended in Regulations nº 140 /2019 and nº429/2018, through the implementation of activities developed in internships in the context of differentiated care and in primary health care contexts. The Paediatric and Childcare Nursing includes in their skills profile the differentiated management of child/adolescent pain, through the implementation of non-pharmacological techniques for pain relief. This theme is an area of knowledge specific to my interest and it was in this context that the project to develop specialized clinical skills took place, which in this master's degree I was encouraged to develop. Within the scope of this project, non-pharmacological techniques were implemented; observed the non-pharmacological techniques used by nurses; an in-service training session was held at the Community Care Unit on the design of nursing care for a child in pain; systematized advantages, disadvantages, recommendation criteria, non-recommendation criteria for each non-pharmacological technique; three care plans were discussed, taking into account the focus on pain and the prescription of non-pharmacological techniques; and the knowledge needs of children and parents were assessed and identified in relation to the use of non-pharmacological techniques. To explain the design of care, I used the E4Nursing platform, created by the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, and the EBSCOhost research platform, namely, in the Medline Complete and Cochrane Complete databases, books, standards and guides for searching for scientific evidence. Therefore, this report explains the implications of this learning path for nursing practice and suggests some interventions for continuous improvement in the quality of care. This formal document is organized into three parts, which, among other aspects, report the development path of the outlined project, the characterization of the contexts where it took place clinical practice, case studies developed in each context, as well as the level of implementation of different skills.
Description
Keywords
Competências Enfermagem Dor Intervenções não Farmacológicas Relatório de estágio