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Tradução, adaptação e propriedades psicométricas do questionário Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire, para a população portuguesa
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O sono assume um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento infantil, sendo crucial
para promover um crescimento físico, cognitivo e comportamental saudável.
Em todo o mundo, 10% a 35% das crianças enfrentam problemas de sono. Portugal
também apresnta problemas semelhantes, no entanto há uma carência de dados
recentes sobre os hábitos de sono em crianças pequenas, obtidos por meio de
questionários validados para a nossa população.
Objetivos: Descrever as diferentes etapas de tradução, adaptação cultural e avaliar
as propriedades psicométricas do questionário de sono infantil BISQ-R SF.Avaliar
padrões de sono inadequado na amostra, tendo por base os critérios estabelecidos por
Avi Sadeh; Caracterizar os hábitos de sono das crianças; Identificar os distúrbios
de sono das crianças; Comparar o número de horas que dormem as crianças do
estudo com os dados de crianças de outros países e de Portugal; Verificar a relação
entre as duas dimensões de comportamento e perceção parental e os padrões de sono
das crianças; Averiguar a relação entre a perceção dos pais e os padrões de sono das
crianças; Verificar a relação entre o sexo dos pais e os comportamentos e perceção
parental sobre o sono das crianças; Determinar a associação entre o sexo das crianças
e os comportamentos e perceção parental dos pais em relação ao sono; Verificar se a
prematuridade influencia os comportamentos e perceção parental dos pais em relação
ao sono das crianças.
Material e Métodos: Trata-se de m estudo realizado em duas fases. O 1º estudo é
metodológico e o 2º estudo é descritivo, correlacional de abordagem quantitativa. No
1º estudo a escala foi traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português e aplicada
a uma amostra de 120 crianças dos 0 aos 3 anos de idade, distribuídas por 4
infantários no distrito de Setúbal. Esta escala foi testada quanto à sua adequação e
compreensão. A avaliação da confiabilidade e validade foi obtida por análises
estatísticas - determinação do Alpha de Cronbach, para avaliação da confiabilidade e
análise fatorial exploratória dos componentes principais para a validade interna. No
2º estudo foram avaliados os hátibos de sono das crianças, identificados os disturbios
de sono, bem como foram avaliados os comportamentos e perceções dos pais em
relação ao sono dos seus filhos.
Resultados: O BISQ-R SF foi traduzido e adaptado para a cultura portuguesa. Os
dados estatísticos demostraram que o BISQ-R SF PT é um instrumento que
apresenta propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Em relação a caracterização da
amostra a média de idades das crianças foi de 23.02 meses. Constituída de forma
semelhante por crianças de ambos os sexos e maioritariamente não prematuras. O
tempo total de sono das crianças em 24h foi cerca de 12h. A média do número de
despertares noturnos foi de 1.67 e de vigília noturna 22 minutos. A necessidade de
intervenção externa estava presente para o adormecer e para o readormecer após os
despertares noturnos. Os comportamentos parentais promotores de um sono
independente e rotinas consistentes de sono são os melhores preditores de
diminuição do número de despertares durante a noite e maior tempo total de sono
noturno. A perceção dos pais em relação ao sono deteriora-se quando a criança
apresenta padrões de sono irregulares e melhora quando a criança dorme por
períodos mais longos durante a noite. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas
nas atitudes e práticas parentais em relação ao sono das crianças com base no
membro específico da família (pai ou mãe). A avaliação dos comportamentos e da
perceção parental em relação ao género no presente estudo revela que os pais têm
uma perceção melhor em relação ao sono dos meninos em comparação com as
meninas. O comportamento e a perceção parental em relação ao sono não variam
substancialmente com base no momento do nascimento da criança, seja ela
prematura ou a termo.
Conclusão: O BISQ-R SF PT é um instrumento com propriedades psicométricas
adequadas, que garantem ao profissional ou ao investigador a sua utilização na sua
prática. As crianças em estudo não apresentam padrões de sono inadequado de
acordo com os três critérios estabelecidos por Sadeh, no entanto problemas
comportamentais são evidentes. A aplicação da escala CSHQ-PT em crianças
portuguesas, também demostrou a existência de problemas comportamentais do
sono, existindo desta forma oportunidades de intervenção nesta área.
Sleep plays a fundamental role in child development, being crucial to promoting healthy physical, cognitive and behavioral growth. Worldwide, 10% to 35% of children face sleep problems. Portugal also presents similar problems, however there is a lack of recent data on sleeping habits in young children, obtained through questionnaires validated for our population. Objectives: Describe the different stages of translation, cultural adaptation and evaluate the psychometric properties of the BISQ-R SF infant sleep questionnaire. Evaluate inadequate sleep patterns in the sample, based on the criteria established by Avi Sadeh; Characterize children’s sleeping habits; Identify children’s sleep disorders; Compare the number of hours that children in the study sleep with data from children from other countries and Portugal; Verify the relationship between the two dimensions of parental behavior and perception and children's sleeping patterns; Investigate the relationship between parents' perception and children's sleeping patterns; Verify the relationship between parents' gender and parental behavior and perception of children's sleep; Determine the association between children's sex and parents' parental behaviors and perception regarding sleep; To verify whether prematurity influences parents’ parental behaviors and perception regarding their children’s sleep. Material and Methods: This is a study carried out in two phases. The 1st study is methodological and the 2nd study is descriptive, correlational with a quantitative approach. In the 1st study, the scale was translated and culturally adapted into Portuguese and applied to a sample of 120 children from 0 to 3 years of age, distributed across 4 nurseries in the district of Setúbal. This scale was tested for suitability and understandability. The assessment of reliability and validity was obtained by statistical analysis - determination of Cronbach's Alpha, to assess reliability and exploratory factor analysis of the main components for internal validity. In the 2nd study, children's sleeping habits were evaluated, sleep disorders were identified, as well as parents' behaviors and perceptions regarding their children's sleep were evaluated. Results: The BISQ-R SF was translated and adapted for Portuguese culture. Statistical data demonstrated that the BISQ-R SF PT is an instrument that presents adequate psychometric properties. Regarding the characterization of the sample, the average age of the children was 23.02 months. Consisting similarly of children of both sexes and mostly non-premature. The children's total sleeping time in 24 hours was about 12 hours. The average number of nighttime awakenings was 1.67 and nighttime wakefulness was 22 minutes. The need for external intervention was present to fall asleep and to fall asleep again after nighttime awakenings. Parental behaviors that promote independent sleep and consistent sleep routines are the best predictors of a decrease in the number of awakenings during the night and greater total nighttime sleep time. Parental perception of sleep deteriorates when the child has irregular sleep patterns and improves when the child sleeps for longer periods during the night. No significant differences were observed in parental attitudes and practices regarding children's sleep based on the specific family member (father or mother). The evaluation of parental behaviors and perception in relation to gender in the present study reveals that parents have a better perception regarding boys' sleep compared to girls. Parental behavior and perception regarding sleep do not vary substantially based on when the child was born, whether premature or full-term. Conclusion: The BISQ-R SF PT is an instrument with adequate psychometric properties, which guarantee the professional or researcher its use in their practice. The children under study do not present inadequate sleep patterns according to the three criteria established by Sadeh, however behavioral problems are evident. The application of the CSHQ-PT scale to Portuguese children also demonstrated the existence of behavioral sleep problems, thus creating opportunities for intervention in this area.
Sleep plays a fundamental role in child development, being crucial to promoting healthy physical, cognitive and behavioral growth. Worldwide, 10% to 35% of children face sleep problems. Portugal also presents similar problems, however there is a lack of recent data on sleeping habits in young children, obtained through questionnaires validated for our population. Objectives: Describe the different stages of translation, cultural adaptation and evaluate the psychometric properties of the BISQ-R SF infant sleep questionnaire. Evaluate inadequate sleep patterns in the sample, based on the criteria established by Avi Sadeh; Characterize children’s sleeping habits; Identify children’s sleep disorders; Compare the number of hours that children in the study sleep with data from children from other countries and Portugal; Verify the relationship between the two dimensions of parental behavior and perception and children's sleeping patterns; Investigate the relationship between parents' perception and children's sleeping patterns; Verify the relationship between parents' gender and parental behavior and perception of children's sleep; Determine the association between children's sex and parents' parental behaviors and perception regarding sleep; To verify whether prematurity influences parents’ parental behaviors and perception regarding their children’s sleep. Material and Methods: This is a study carried out in two phases. The 1st study is methodological and the 2nd study is descriptive, correlational with a quantitative approach. In the 1st study, the scale was translated and culturally adapted into Portuguese and applied to a sample of 120 children from 0 to 3 years of age, distributed across 4 nurseries in the district of Setúbal. This scale was tested for suitability and understandability. The assessment of reliability and validity was obtained by statistical analysis - determination of Cronbach's Alpha, to assess reliability and exploratory factor analysis of the main components for internal validity. In the 2nd study, children's sleeping habits were evaluated, sleep disorders were identified, as well as parents' behaviors and perceptions regarding their children's sleep were evaluated. Results: The BISQ-R SF was translated and adapted for Portuguese culture. Statistical data demonstrated that the BISQ-R SF PT is an instrument that presents adequate psychometric properties. Regarding the characterization of the sample, the average age of the children was 23.02 months. Consisting similarly of children of both sexes and mostly non-premature. The children's total sleeping time in 24 hours was about 12 hours. The average number of nighttime awakenings was 1.67 and nighttime wakefulness was 22 minutes. The need for external intervention was present to fall asleep and to fall asleep again after nighttime awakenings. Parental behaviors that promote independent sleep and consistent sleep routines are the best predictors of a decrease in the number of awakenings during the night and greater total nighttime sleep time. Parental perception of sleep deteriorates when the child has irregular sleep patterns and improves when the child sleeps for longer periods during the night. No significant differences were observed in parental attitudes and practices regarding children's sleep based on the specific family member (father or mother). The evaluation of parental behaviors and perception in relation to gender in the present study reveals that parents have a better perception regarding boys' sleep compared to girls. Parental behavior and perception regarding sleep do not vary substantially based on when the child was born, whether premature or full-term. Conclusion: The BISQ-R SF PT is an instrument with adequate psychometric properties, which guarantee the professional or researcher its use in their practice. The children under study do not present inadequate sleep patterns according to the three criteria established by Sadeh, however behavioral problems are evident. The application of the CSHQ-PT scale to Portuguese children also demonstrated the existence of behavioral sleep problems, thus creating opportunities for intervention in this area.
Description
Keywords
sono lactente questionários estudo de validação psicometria sleep infant questionnaires validation study psychometrics