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Publication
A importância do pH salivar na prevalência da cárie
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A cárie dentária é uma doença de origem microbiana e multifatorial, altamente prevalente na atualidade. A saliva, um fluido essencialmente composto por água e enriquecido com substâncias antimicrobianas e minerais, tem especial importância no que concerne à proteção das estruturas orais contra processos de erosão e cárie. O ecossistema oral é diversificado e nele, bactérias comensais e bactérias cariogénicas, competem e associam-se em biofilmes que desempenham também um papel preponderante no desenvolvimento da cárie, já que o seu desequilíbrio favorece a concentração dos microrganismos cariogénicos que excretam ácidos metabólicos responsáveis pela diminuição do pH oral e pela desmineralização dos tecidos dentários. Este trabalho teve como objetivo rever a literatura para atualização e aquisição de conhecimento relativamente à importância do pH salivar na ocorrência e início da cárie. Para alcançar os desígnios propostos, efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica com recurso às bases de dados eletrónicas: PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO, Elsevier e ScienceDirect, além de recursos físicos. Incluíram-se artigos em língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola dos últimos 10 anos. Da análise dos artigos constatou-se que a saliva atua como um tampão para manter o pH próximo a valores neutros e que distúrbios no fluxo salivar e na composição da saliva, tornam os indivíduos mais suscetíveis à cárie. Foi possível estabelecer uma ligação entre o pH salivar e a prevalência de cárie e a literatura consultada também identificou que fatores como a idade, condições e tratamentos médicos influenciam o pH salivar e o risco de cárie. As implicações clínicas são significativas e a monotorização do pH salivar pode consubstanciar-se como estratégia eficaz na prevenção da cárie, juntamente com a educação sobre saúde oral, especialmente em populações vulneráveis. Destaca-se, porém, a necessidade de pesquisas futuras para efeitos de atualização e melhor compreensão da relação entre o pH salivar e a cárie em diferentes grupos populacionais.
Dental caries is a multifactorial and highly prevalent disease of microbial origin in today's society. Saliva is a fluid primarily composed of water and enriched with antimicrobial substances and minerals that plays a crucial role in protecting oral structures against ero-sion and caries development. The oral ecosystem is diverse, housing both commensal bacteria and cariogenic bacteria that compete and form biofilms. These biofilms also play a significant role in caries development, as their imbalance favors the proliferation of cariogenic microorganisms that produce metabolic acids responsible for lowering oral pH and demineralizing dental tissues.The aim of this study was to review the literature to update and acquire knowledge regarding the importance of salivary pH in caries occur-rence and initiation. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, includ-ing PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO, Elsevier and ScienceDirect, in addition to physical re-sources. Articles in portuguese, english and spanish from the previous 10 years were in-cluded. It was observed that saliva acts as a buffer to maintain pH close to neutral values and disturbances in salivary flow and composition make individuals more susceptible to caries and other oral diseases. The results established a link between salivary pH and caries prevalence. The literature also identified factors such as age, medical conditions and treat-ments as susceptible of causing alterations in salivary pH and increasing caries risk. Clinical implications are significant and monitoring salivary pH can be an effective strategy for prevention, coupled with oral health education, especially in vulnerable populations. The need for future research to update and gain a better understanding of the relationship be-tween salivary pH and caries in different population groups is eemphasized.
Dental caries is a multifactorial and highly prevalent disease of microbial origin in today's society. Saliva is a fluid primarily composed of water and enriched with antimicrobial substances and minerals that plays a crucial role in protecting oral structures against ero-sion and caries development. The oral ecosystem is diverse, housing both commensal bacteria and cariogenic bacteria that compete and form biofilms. These biofilms also play a significant role in caries development, as their imbalance favors the proliferation of cariogenic microorganisms that produce metabolic acids responsible for lowering oral pH and demineralizing dental tissues.The aim of this study was to review the literature to update and acquire knowledge regarding the importance of salivary pH in caries occur-rence and initiation. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, includ-ing PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO, Elsevier and ScienceDirect, in addition to physical re-sources. Articles in portuguese, english and spanish from the previous 10 years were in-cluded. It was observed that saliva acts as a buffer to maintain pH close to neutral values and disturbances in salivary flow and composition make individuals more susceptible to caries and other oral diseases. The results established a link between salivary pH and caries prevalence. The literature also identified factors such as age, medical conditions and treat-ments as susceptible of causing alterations in salivary pH and increasing caries risk. Clinical implications are significant and monitoring salivary pH can be an effective strategy for prevention, coupled with oral health education, especially in vulnerable populations. The need for future research to update and gain a better understanding of the relationship be-tween salivary pH and caries in different population groups is eemphasized.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Saliva Cárie pH Saúde oral