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Efeito do extrato de Anacardium Occidentale L. no controlo da diabetes em murganhos db/db - Avaliação anatomopatológica
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O Anacardium occidentale L. (AOL), de nome vulgar cajueiro, é uma das mais de 700 plantas descritas como sendo benéficas no tratamento da diabetes mellitus (DM). Diversos estudos demonstraram o seu efeito hipoglicemiante em ratos diabéticos. Objetivo do estudo: Na presente investigação, teve-se como objetivo identificar os possíveis efeitos dose-dependentes de extrato aquoso de casca do caule de cajueiro da Guiné-Bissau no controlo da diabetes em murganhos db/db, através do exame histopatológico dos órgãos colhidos à necrópsia, de modo a avaliar possíveis alterações na sua estrutura. Materiais e Métodos: Os murganhos db/db foram divididos em 5 grupos (n=5). Grupos designados por T1, T2 e T3 receberam, respetivamente, 40,2, 71,5 e 127,0 mg/kg de extrato de AOL por gavage. O grupo TG foi tratado com glibenclamida diluída na água de bebida e o grupo C foi usado como controlo. O ensaio decorreu ao longo de 92 dias após os quais os murganhos foram eutanasiados por estiramento cervical, seguindo-se a necrópsia e a colheita dos órgãos. Após o processamento histológico de rotina, as secções dos vários órgãos foram observadas à microscopia ótica para visualização de possíveis alterações na sua estrutura. Resultados: As secções de fígado apresentaram lesões de hepatopatia vacuolar maioritariamente centrolobular em todos os grupos. Não se verificaram diferenças na distribuição das lesões entre os grupos de tratamento e o grupo controlo. Observou-se uma degenerescência tendencialmente mais marcada no grupo T3. O tecido pancreático, na sua maioria, não apresentou alterações dignas de registo. Quando presentes, verificaram-se lesões de pancreatite aguda e/ou esteatonecrose. Ainda que não se tenham verificado diferenças de distribuição das lesões entre os diferentes grupos de tratamento em relação ao grupo controlo notou-se tendencialmente maior incidência das lesões referidas nos grupos T2 e T3. As secções de baço apresentaram-se, na sua totalidade, sem alterações dignas de registo. O tecido renal apresentou-se, na sua maioria, inalterado tendo-se observado casos de pielonefrite aguda e/ou nefrite intersticial supurativa. Verificou-se uma tendência para a existência de um maior número destas alterações no grupo T2, cuja incidência foi igual ao grupo controlo. A coloração de PAS não revelou alterações renais associadas à diabetes nos murganhos db/db. Conclusões: No presente estudo, não foi possível tirar conclusões relevantes acerca dos possíveis efeitos dose-dependentes do extrato de AOL, nas doses testadas, na morfologia dos órgãos colhidos à necrópsia, pelo que serão necessários estudos adicionais para esclarecer sobre a sua eventual ação neste modelo animal.
Background: Anacardium occidentale L. (AOL), common name cashew tree, is one of the more than 700 plants described as beneficial in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and several studies have shown its hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rats. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to identify the possible dose-dependent effects of aqueous extract of stem-bark of cashew tree of Guinea-Bissau in the control of diabetes in db/db mice, through histopathological exam of the organs collected at necropsy in order to assess possible changes in its structure. Materials and Methods: The db/db mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 5). Groups designated T1, T2 and T3 and administrated by gavage were given, respectively, 40.2, 71.5 and 127.0 mg/kg of extract of AOL. The TG group was treated with glibenclamide diluted in drinking water and the Group C was used as control. The study was performed during 92 days after which the mice were euthanized by cervical stretch, followed by necropsy and collection of the organs. After routine histological processing, the tissues of the organs were observed by light microscopy to visualize possible alterations in their structure. Results: The liver sections showed lesions of vacuolar hepatopathy mostly centrilobular, in all groups. There were no differences in the distribution of the lesions between the treatment groups and the control group. There was a more accentuated degeneration in the T3 group. Mostly pancreatic tissue did not presented relevant changes. When present the lesions were acute pancreatitis and/or fat necrosis. No differences in the distribution of the lesions between the groups of treatment and the control group were observed, however the groups T2 and T3 showed higher incidence of the abovementioned lesions. The spleen sections showed no relevant lesions in all the tested groups. The kidney tissue appeared mostly unchanged. Acute pyelonephritis and/or suppurative interstitial nephritis were observed in some cases. The group that presented a great number of alterations was group T2, whose incidence was equal to the control group. No renal changes associated with diabetes in db/db mice were observed with PAS. Conclusions: It was not possible to draw relevant conclusions about the dose-dependent effects of the extract of AOL in the tested doses in the morphology of organs collected at necropsy. Additional studies are required to clarify AOL action in this animal model.
Background: Anacardium occidentale L. (AOL), common name cashew tree, is one of the more than 700 plants described as beneficial in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and several studies have shown its hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rats. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to identify the possible dose-dependent effects of aqueous extract of stem-bark of cashew tree of Guinea-Bissau in the control of diabetes in db/db mice, through histopathological exam of the organs collected at necropsy in order to assess possible changes in its structure. Materials and Methods: The db/db mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 5). Groups designated T1, T2 and T3 and administrated by gavage were given, respectively, 40.2, 71.5 and 127.0 mg/kg of extract of AOL. The TG group was treated with glibenclamide diluted in drinking water and the Group C was used as control. The study was performed during 92 days after which the mice were euthanized by cervical stretch, followed by necropsy and collection of the organs. After routine histological processing, the tissues of the organs were observed by light microscopy to visualize possible alterations in their structure. Results: The liver sections showed lesions of vacuolar hepatopathy mostly centrilobular, in all groups. There were no differences in the distribution of the lesions between the treatment groups and the control group. There was a more accentuated degeneration in the T3 group. Mostly pancreatic tissue did not presented relevant changes. When present the lesions were acute pancreatitis and/or fat necrosis. No differences in the distribution of the lesions between the groups of treatment and the control group were observed, however the groups T2 and T3 showed higher incidence of the abovementioned lesions. The spleen sections showed no relevant lesions in all the tested groups. The kidney tissue appeared mostly unchanged. Acute pyelonephritis and/or suppurative interstitial nephritis were observed in some cases. The group that presented a great number of alterations was group T2, whose incidence was equal to the control group. No renal changes associated with diabetes in db/db mice were observed with PAS. Conclusions: It was not possible to draw relevant conclusions about the dose-dependent effects of the extract of AOL in the tested doses in the morphology of organs collected at necropsy. Additional studies are required to clarify AOL action in this animal model.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus Murganhos db/db Anacardium occidentale Extrato aquoso Histopatologia db/db mice Aqueous extract Histopathology