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Prevenção de comportamentos suicidários e autolesivos: Desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho, desenvolvido no contexto do Curso de MESMP, foca-se na conceção e
implementação de um projeto dedicado à “Prevenção de Comportamentos Suicidários e
Autolesivos”. Pretendendo abordar um dos problemas mais significativos na saúde mental atual,
adota-se uma abordagem multifacetada, englobando a avaliação de risco, a intervenção
precoce e a promoção de fatores protetores e de resiliência a nível individual e comunitário.
O comportamento suicidário é considerado um dos maiores desafios e dificuldades no domínio
da saúde pública, não só em Portugal, mas em todo o mundo. É, na sua essência, um grave
problema de assistência social, de saúde e educativo que exige uma abordagem abrangente,
humanizada e estratégias de ação essenciais para a prevenção, deteção precoce, intervenção
e pós-intervenção. Através de uma perspetiva holística, que reconhece a complexidade das
dinâmicas psicossociais subjacentes aos comportamentos suicidários e autolesivos, este
trabalho sublinha a relevância de uma intervenção integrada que inclui o indivíduo, a família e
a comunidade. O projeto distingue-se pela sua capacidade de mobilizar recursos da
comunidade, promover a educação para a saúde mental e facilitar o acesso a cuidados de saúde
mental qualificados.
A metodologia utilizada baseia-se numa revisão abrangente da literatura, na avaliação das
necessidades específicas da população-alvo e no desenvolvimento de intervenções suportadas
por evidência científica. Nos contextos de estágios de internamento de pessoas em fase de
descompensação clínica aguda da doença mental, comunitário e de resposta diferenciada,
foram desenvolvidas diferentes atividades, como: intervenções psicoeducacionais, programas
de sensibilização, intervenções promotoras de literacia em saúde mental e grupos de apoio,
visando não apenas elevar a consciência acerca da saúde mental, mas também fortalecer as
redes de suporte existentes.
Os resultados revelam um impacto positivo na promoção do bem-estar emocional e psicológico,
na melhoria da literacia em saúde mental e na diminuição do estigma associado aos
comportamentos suicidários e autolesivos. Este trabalho reforça a necessidade de estratégias
proativas de prevenção em saúde mental, evidenciando o papel do enfermeiro especialista em
ESMP na liderança de iniciativas que promovem a saúde mental e o bem-estar.
Este projeto não só alcançou os objetivos delineados, como também contribuiu para o reforço
do conhecimento e aquisição das competências do enfermeiro especialista em ESMP,
evidenciando a importância de uma prática informada por evidências e centrada na pessoa. O
sucesso do mesmo salienta o potencial das intervenções integradas na transformação dos
cuidados de saúde mental, oferecendo um modelo replicável para outros contextos que
enfrentam desafios similares.
This work, developed in the context of the MESMP Course, focuses on the design and implementation of a project dedicated to "Prevention of Suicidal and Self-harming Behaviors". Aimed at addressing one of the most significant issues in current mental health, a multifaceted approach is adopted, encompassing risk assessment, early intervention, and promotion of protective factors and resilience at both individual and community levels. Suicidal behavior is considered one of the greatest challenges in the field of public health, not only in Portugal but worldwide. It is fundamentally a serious social, health, and educational issue that demands a comprehensive approach, humanized care, and essential action strategies for prevention, early detection, intervention, and post-intervention. Through a holistic perspective acknowledging the complexity of the psychosocial dynamics underlying suicidal and self-harming behaviors, this work emphasizes the relevance of an integrated intervention involving the individual, family, and community. The project stands out for its ability to mobilize community resources, promote mental health education, and facilitate access to qualified mental health care. The methodology employed is based on a comprehensive literature review, assessment of the specific needs of the target population, and development of evidence-based interventions. In various settings including inpatient contexts for individuals experiencing acute clinical decompensation of mental illness, community settings, and specialized response contexts, different activities were developed such as psychoeducational interventions, awareness programs, mental health literacy-promoting interventions, and support groups, aiming not only to raise awareness about mental health but also to strengthen existing support networks. The results reveal a positive impact on the promotion of emotional and psychological wellbeing, improvement in mental health literacy, and reduction of stigma associated with suicidal and self-harming behaviors. This work reinforces the need for proactive mental health prevention strategies, highlighting the role of the specialist nurse in MESMP in leading initiatives that promote mental health and well-being. This project not only achieved the outlined objectives but also contributed to enhancing the knowledge and acquisition of skills of the specialist nurse in MESMP, demonstrating the importance of evidence-informed and person-centered practice. Its success underscores the potential of integrated interventions in transforming mental health care, offering a replicable model for other contexts facing similar challenges.
This work, developed in the context of the MESMP Course, focuses on the design and implementation of a project dedicated to "Prevention of Suicidal and Self-harming Behaviors". Aimed at addressing one of the most significant issues in current mental health, a multifaceted approach is adopted, encompassing risk assessment, early intervention, and promotion of protective factors and resilience at both individual and community levels. Suicidal behavior is considered one of the greatest challenges in the field of public health, not only in Portugal but worldwide. It is fundamentally a serious social, health, and educational issue that demands a comprehensive approach, humanized care, and essential action strategies for prevention, early detection, intervention, and post-intervention. Through a holistic perspective acknowledging the complexity of the psychosocial dynamics underlying suicidal and self-harming behaviors, this work emphasizes the relevance of an integrated intervention involving the individual, family, and community. The project stands out for its ability to mobilize community resources, promote mental health education, and facilitate access to qualified mental health care. The methodology employed is based on a comprehensive literature review, assessment of the specific needs of the target population, and development of evidence-based interventions. In various settings including inpatient contexts for individuals experiencing acute clinical decompensation of mental illness, community settings, and specialized response contexts, different activities were developed such as psychoeducational interventions, awareness programs, mental health literacy-promoting interventions, and support groups, aiming not only to raise awareness about mental health but also to strengthen existing support networks. The results reveal a positive impact on the promotion of emotional and psychological wellbeing, improvement in mental health literacy, and reduction of stigma associated with suicidal and self-harming behaviors. This work reinforces the need for proactive mental health prevention strategies, highlighting the role of the specialist nurse in MESMP in leading initiatives that promote mental health and well-being. This project not only achieved the outlined objectives but also contributed to enhancing the knowledge and acquisition of skills of the specialist nurse in MESMP, demonstrating the importance of evidence-informed and person-centered practice. Its success underscores the potential of integrated interventions in transforming mental health care, offering a replicable model for other contexts facing similar challenges.
Description
Keywords
Comportamento autolesivo Suicídio Prevenção Relatório de estágio