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Quedas e qualidade de vida na pessoa em hemodiálise: contributos para a intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação
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| 3.25 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os processos associados à doença renal crónica, como inflamação, stresse oxidativo,
desnutrição, sarcopenia, compromisso cognitivo, anemia e doença mineral óssea, contribuem
para o desenvolvimento da fragilidade, o que predispõem a pessoa para o risco de queda, tendo
implicações na sua qualidade de vida. Deste modo, as quedas na pessoa em hemodiálise, são
um dos maiores desafios para o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação.
No seguimento do referido, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o contributo do
Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação na prevenção dos fatores de risco de
queda e no impacto na qualidade de vida da pessoa em hemodiálise. Tem como finalidade
contribuir para a definição de estratégias de prevenção de queda na pessoa em programa
regular de hemodiálise. Para tal, desenvolveu-se um estudo quantitativo, observacional, numa
instituição hospitalar do norte de Portugal, com a participação de pessoas com doença renal
crónica em programa regular de hemodiálise. Para a seleção dos participantes, recorreu- se a
uma amostragem não probabilística por conveniência. Definiram-se como critérios de inclusão:
ter idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, ter diagnóstico de doença renal crónica e estar em
programa regular de hemodiálise há, no mínimo, três meses. Foram excluídos os doentes que
realizavam outros tipos de tratamento, que apresentavam comunicação comprometida,
diminuição significativa da audição e défices cognitivos que impossibilitassem a compreensão
das questões formuladas.
Após aprovação da comissão de ética e autorização do Conselho de Administração da Instituição
procedeu-se à colheita de dados, através de um formulário. O contacto com cada participante
foi realizado na sala de hemodiálise, durante o procedimento dialítico. O tempo médio de
recolha de dados foi de 40 minutos.
Os 62 participantes tinham uma idade média de 69,97 anos. Destes 62 participantes, 32,2%
relataram episódios de quedas que ocorreram predominantemente no domicílio e após diálise
e 40,3% apresentavam condição de fragilidade. A atividade profissional, o peso da doença renal,
a função física e a saúde em geral foram as dimensões da qualidade de vida com pior pontuação.
Desta forma realça-se a importância na elaboração de programas de exercício para a prevenção
de quedas e melhoria da qualidade de vida da pessoa em programa regular de hemodiálise.
The processes associated with chronic kidney disease, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, malnutrition, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, anemia and bone mineral disease, stress for the development of frailty, which predisposes the person to the risk of falling, having implications for their quality of life. Therefore, falls in people on hemodialysis are one of the biggest challenges for the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing. Following the above, this study aimed to identify the contribution of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing in the prevention of fall risk factors and the impact on the quality of life of the person undergoing hemodialysis. Its contribution is to contribute to the definition of strategies to prevent people from falling in the regular hemodialysis program. To this end, a quantitative, observational, study was developed in a hospital institution in the north of Portugal, with the participation of people with chronic kidney disease in the regular hemodialysis program. To select participants, non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years of age or older, diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and being on a regular hemodialysis program for at least three months. Patients who were undergoing other types of treatment, who had compromised communication, significantly impaired hearing and cognitive deficits that made it impossible to understand the questions asked were excluded. After approval by the ethics committee and authorization from the Institution's Board of Directors, we will collect data using a form. Contact with each participant was made in the hemodialysis room, during the dialysis procedure. The average data collection time was 40 minutes. The 62 participants had an average age of 69.97 years. Of these 62 participants, 32.2% reported episodes of falls that occurred predominantly at home and after dialysis and 40.3% were frail. Professional activity, the burden of kidney disease, physical function and general health were the dimensions of quality of life with the worst scores. In this way, the importance of developing exercise programs to prevent falls and improve the quality of life of people on a regular hemodialysis program is highlighted.
The processes associated with chronic kidney disease, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, malnutrition, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, anemia and bone mineral disease, stress for the development of frailty, which predisposes the person to the risk of falling, having implications for their quality of life. Therefore, falls in people on hemodialysis are one of the biggest challenges for the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing. Following the above, this study aimed to identify the contribution of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing in the prevention of fall risk factors and the impact on the quality of life of the person undergoing hemodialysis. Its contribution is to contribute to the definition of strategies to prevent people from falling in the regular hemodialysis program. To this end, a quantitative, observational, study was developed in a hospital institution in the north of Portugal, with the participation of people with chronic kidney disease in the regular hemodialysis program. To select participants, non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years of age or older, diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and being on a regular hemodialysis program for at least three months. Patients who were undergoing other types of treatment, who had compromised communication, significantly impaired hearing and cognitive deficits that made it impossible to understand the questions asked were excluded. After approval by the ethics committee and authorization from the Institution's Board of Directors, we will collect data using a form. Contact with each participant was made in the hemodialysis room, during the dialysis procedure. The average data collection time was 40 minutes. The 62 participants had an average age of 69.97 years. Of these 62 participants, 32.2% reported episodes of falls that occurred predominantly at home and after dialysis and 40.3% were frail. Professional activity, the burden of kidney disease, physical function and general health were the dimensions of quality of life with the worst scores. In this way, the importance of developing exercise programs to prevent falls and improve the quality of life of people on a regular hemodialysis program is highlighted.
Description
Keywords
Hemodiálise Fragilidade Quedas Qualidade de Vida Enfermagem em Reabilitação