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Prevenção da hipotermia acidental na pessoa em situação critica :
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Considera-se hipotermia acidental a temperatura inferior a 36.ºC, cuja diminuição acontece
de forma espontânea e não intencional, associada a um problema agudo e sem disfunções
termorreguladoras intrínsecas. Independentemente do contexto profissional onde se insira, o
enfermeiro especialista detém as competências necessárias para reconhecer a hipotermia e
implementar as intervenções adequadas à sua prevenção.
A avaliação da Pessoa em Situação Crítica (PSC), a realização de intervenções ou
procedimentos, a exposição, o meio envolvente, a terapêutica administrada, de entre outros
fatores, podem levar a oscilações na temperatura, nomeadamente perpetuar ou facilitar o
risco de hipotermia acidental. Assim, compete ao enfermeiro uma intervenção ativa e
autónoma com vista a prevenir a hipotermia de forma precoce e desta forma intervir
eficazmente no ciclo vicioso da tríade mortal.
Tendo como pressuposto que o cuidado é intencional e vivido no momento, permitindo que
as experiências e vivências pessoais interajam na relação dinâmica entre o enfermeiro e a
Pessoa, e que a tecnologia deve ser um recurso para melhor conhecer a pessoa no cuidar
foram selecionadas como teorias norteadoras Nursing as Caring de Boykin & Schoenhofer
(2013) e Tecnological Competency as Caring in Nursing de Locsin (2001).
O presente relatório descreve o percurso de desenvolvimento de competências alcançado
nos contextos de estágio em serviço de urgência polivalente, unidade de queimados e unidade
de cuidados intensivos, com vista à aquisição de competências de Mestre na área de
especialização da PSC, tendo como foco a intervenção especializada do enfermeiro na
prevenção da hipotermia acidental na PSC, desde o pré hospitalar à unidade de cuidados
intensivos.
Neste percurso destaco a importância dos diferentes contextos, partilhas e situações de
cuidados que somado à reflexão crítica sustentada na evidência científica, proporcionaram o
desenvolvimento de competências teóricas, científicas, técnicas, éticas e relacionais.
Accidental hypothermia is the temperature below 36ºC, the decrease of which happens spontaneously and unintentionally, associated with an acute problem and without intrinsic thermoregulatory dysfunctions. Regardless of the professional context in which they are inclued, the specialist nurse possesses the necessary skills to recognize hypothermia and implement the appropriate interventions for its prevention. Among other factors, the assessment of the Person in Critical Condition (PCC), the performance of interventions or procedures, the exposure, the environment, the therapy being administered, can lead to fluctuations in temperature, namely perpetuating or facilitating the risk of accidental hypothermia. Thus, the nurse is responsible for an active and autonomous intervention in order to prevent hypothermia early and thereby intervening effectively in the vicious cycle of the deadly triad. Assuming that caring is intentional and lived in the moment, allowing personal experiences to interact in the dynamic relationship between the nurse and the Person, and that technology should be a resource to better know the person under caring, the following guiding theories were selected: Nursing as Caring by Boykin & Schoenhofer (2013) and Tecnological Competency as Caring in Nursing by Locsin (2001). This report describes the process of developing skills in the context of internship in central emergency service, burn unit and intensive care unit, aiming at the acquisition of Master competences in the specialization area of PCC, focusing in the specialized intervention of the nurse expertise in preventing accidental hypothermia in PCC, from out-of-hospital services to the intensive care unit. In this path, I highlight the importance of having experienced different contexts, as well as the sharing and caring situations that, added to the critical reflection supported by scientific evidence, have provided the development of theoretical, scientific, technical, ethical and relational skills.
Accidental hypothermia is the temperature below 36ºC, the decrease of which happens spontaneously and unintentionally, associated with an acute problem and without intrinsic thermoregulatory dysfunctions. Regardless of the professional context in which they are inclued, the specialist nurse possesses the necessary skills to recognize hypothermia and implement the appropriate interventions for its prevention. Among other factors, the assessment of the Person in Critical Condition (PCC), the performance of interventions or procedures, the exposure, the environment, the therapy being administered, can lead to fluctuations in temperature, namely perpetuating or facilitating the risk of accidental hypothermia. Thus, the nurse is responsible for an active and autonomous intervention in order to prevent hypothermia early and thereby intervening effectively in the vicious cycle of the deadly triad. Assuming that caring is intentional and lived in the moment, allowing personal experiences to interact in the dynamic relationship between the nurse and the Person, and that technology should be a resource to better know the person under caring, the following guiding theories were selected: Nursing as Caring by Boykin & Schoenhofer (2013) and Tecnological Competency as Caring in Nursing by Locsin (2001). This report describes the process of developing skills in the context of internship in central emergency service, burn unit and intensive care unit, aiming at the acquisition of Master competences in the specialization area of PCC, focusing in the specialized intervention of the nurse expertise in preventing accidental hypothermia in PCC, from out-of-hospital services to the intensive care unit. In this path, I highlight the importance of having experienced different contexts, as well as the sharing and caring situations that, added to the critical reflection supported by scientific evidence, have provided the development of theoretical, scientific, technical, ethical and relational skills.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem de cuidados intensivos Cuidados críticos Hipotermia Cuidados de enfermagem