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Avaliação e intervenção familiar em famílias com membro portador de hipertensão arterial: Projeto de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área de Enfermagem Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Família, enquanto unidade sistémica, carateriza-se na teia de relações dinâmicas, complexas e
contextuais em interação com o meio, destacando-se a sua capacidade auto-organizativa face
transições normativas e não normativas decorrentes do ciclo vital. De particular interesse
considerou-se a transição não normativa saúde doença vivenciada pelas famílias com membro
portador de hipertensão arterial. No âmbito das unidades curriculares Estágio de Natureza
Profissional com Relatório – Módulo I e Estágio de Natureza Profissional com Relatório – Módulo
II, do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde
Familiar da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, definiram-se objetivos que visavam a
consecução das competências definidas para o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem
Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, nomeadamente: prestar cuidados à
família, enquanto unidade de cuidados, e de cada um dos seus membros, ao longo do ciclo vital
e aos diferentes níveis de prevenção; e liderar e colaborar nos processos de intervenção no
âmbito da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. A prestação de cuidados a quatro famílias
constituídas por membros idosos portadores de hipertensão arterial em contexto de consulta,
foi sustentada no Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar e na Teoria das
Transições, possibilitando a interligação entre as etapas do processo de Enfermagem. Os
diagnósticos identificados, nomeadamente no âmbito do processo familiar, levaram ao
planeamento de intervenções como promover a comunicação expressiva das emoções, sendo
que, na sua implementação, foi relevante a mobilização de técnicas de intervenção familiar
sistémica, como o reenquadramento, conotação positiva e metáfora. Obtiveram-se ganhos em
saúde, destacando-se a identificação das forças que serviram como mote para a resposta a
transições, por sua vez, co construídas no contexto da relação terapêutica estabelecida com as
famílias como um todo. Na liderança e colaboração, estabeleceram-se parcerias com membros
da equipa multidisciplinar, que permitiram fomentar a cultura organizacional de formação, de
prática e de investigação; de outras unidades funcionais, que possibilitaram o envolvimento com
programas de saúde; e, até, com engenheiras informáticas, que facilitaram a incorporação das
tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Salientou-se a eHealth e, sobretudo, mHealht no
desenvolvimento da FamiliApp que se perspetiva ser uma tecnologia capaz de melhorar a
decisão clínica na prestação de cuidados à família com unidade. A reflexão crítica sobre todas as
atividades desenvolvidas permitiu clarificar a sua relação com desenvolvimento das
competências, comuns e específicas, tendo, para isso, sido importante adotar os princípios da
prática baseada na evidência.
Family, as a systemic unit, is characterised by a web of dynamic, complex and contextual relationships in interaction with the environment, highlighting its self-organising capacity in the face of normative and non-normative transitions arising from the life cycle. Of particular interest was the non-normative health-disease transition experienced by families with a member suffering from hypertension. Within the scope of the curricular units Professional Internship with Report - Module I and Professional Internship with Report - Module II, of the Master's Degree in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, objectives were set that aimed to achieve the competences defined for the Nurse Specialising in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing, namely: providing care for the family, as a unit of care, and for each of its members, throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention; and leading and collaborating in intervention processes within the scope of Family Health Nursing. The care provided to four families made up of elderly members with hypertension in a consultation context was based on the Dynamic Family Assessment and Intervention Model and the Transitions Theory, making it possible to interconnect the stages of the nursing process. The diagnoses identified, particularly in the context of the family process, led to the planning of interventions such as promoting the expressive communication of emotions, and the mobilisation of systemic family intervention techniques such as reframing, positive connotation and metaphor was relevant in their implementation. Gains in health were achieved, with the identification of strengths that served as a motto for responding to transitions, which in turn were co-constructed in the context of the therapeutic relationship established with the families. In terms of leadership and collaboration, partnerships were established with members of the multidisciplinary team, which made it possible to foster an organisational culture of training, practice and research; with other functional units, which made it possible to get involved with health programmes; and even with computer engineers, who facilitated the incorporation of information and communication technologies. eHealth and, above all, mHealht were emphasised in the development of the FamiliApp, which was envisaged as a technology capable of improving clinical decision-making in the provision of care to the family with a unit. Critical reflection on all the activities carried out made it possible to clarify their relationship with the development of common and specific competences, and for this it was important to adopt the principles of evidence-based practice
Family, as a systemic unit, is characterised by a web of dynamic, complex and contextual relationships in interaction with the environment, highlighting its self-organising capacity in the face of normative and non-normative transitions arising from the life cycle. Of particular interest was the non-normative health-disease transition experienced by families with a member suffering from hypertension. Within the scope of the curricular units Professional Internship with Report - Module I and Professional Internship with Report - Module II, of the Master's Degree in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, objectives were set that aimed to achieve the competences defined for the Nurse Specialising in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing, namely: providing care for the family, as a unit of care, and for each of its members, throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention; and leading and collaborating in intervention processes within the scope of Family Health Nursing. The care provided to four families made up of elderly members with hypertension in a consultation context was based on the Dynamic Family Assessment and Intervention Model and the Transitions Theory, making it possible to interconnect the stages of the nursing process. The diagnoses identified, particularly in the context of the family process, led to the planning of interventions such as promoting the expressive communication of emotions, and the mobilisation of systemic family intervention techniques such as reframing, positive connotation and metaphor was relevant in their implementation. Gains in health were achieved, with the identification of strengths that served as a motto for responding to transitions, which in turn were co-constructed in the context of the therapeutic relationship established with the families. In terms of leadership and collaboration, partnerships were established with members of the multidisciplinary team, which made it possible to foster an organisational culture of training, practice and research; with other functional units, which made it possible to get involved with health programmes; and even with computer engineers, who facilitated the incorporation of information and communication technologies. eHealth and, above all, mHealht were emphasised in the development of the FamiliApp, which was envisaged as a technology capable of improving clinical decision-making in the provision of care to the family with a unit. Critical reflection on all the activities carried out made it possible to clarify their relationship with the development of common and specific competences, and for this it was important to adopt the principles of evidence-based practice
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem Familiar Saúde da Família Idoso Hipertensão eSaúde Relatório de estágio