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A doença periodontal em doentes geriátricos
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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, a esperança média de vida está a aumentar no mundo inteiro e a população idosa tem vindo a crescer gradualmente com o passar do tempo. Isto deve-se não só às cada vez melhores condições sanitárias bem como ao desenvolvimento biotecnológico que se faz registar.
A saúde oral é uma componente de extrema importância que influencia o estado de saúde geral, sendo que com o processo de envelhecimento surgem algumas condições que debilitam o doente. A perda de dentes, as lesões da mucosa oral, as cáries dentárias e principalmente as doenças periodontais são dos principais problemas de saúde oral na população idosa.
A doença periodontal é uma doença multifatorial, cuja etiologia é bastante complexa, envolvendo a genética do indivíduo e as bactérias da placa.
A prevenção e o controlo da formação da placa bacteriana são as medidas mais relevantes na manutenção da saúde periodontal.
A doença periodontal tem um forte impacto na saúde sistémica dos doentes, visto que doenças como a Diabetes Mellitus, doenças reumáticas e as doenças cardiovasculares relacionam-se com a inflamação crónica dos tecidos periodontais, sendo este impacto mais relevante na população idosa.
Desta forma, os médicos dentistas têm que estar aptos para atender estes doentes, saberem reconhecer as principais alterações periodontais, e assim diagnosticar e tratar estas doenças.
Daí ser imprescindível estabelecer uma ligação entre médicos de família, médicos dentistas, prestadores de cuidados e doentes para um melhor benefício e desenvolvimento dos cuidados de saúde para doentes idosos.
Nowadays, average life expectancy is increasing worldwide and the elderly population has been growing steadily over time. This is due not only to the ever better sanitary conditions but also as to the biotechnological development that has been registered. Oral health is an extremely important component that influences the state of general health, and with the aging process some conditions appear that weaken the patient. The loss of teeth, lesions of the oral mucosa, dental caries and mainly periodontal diseases are the main oral health problems in the elderly population. Periodontal disease is multifactorial, whose etiology is quite complex, involving the individual's genetics and plaque bacteria. Prevention and control of bacterial plaque formation are the most relevant measures in maintaining periodontal health. Periodontal disease has a strong impact on the systemic health of patients, since diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus, rheumatic diseases and cardiovascular diseases are related to the chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues, being this impact more relevant in the elderly population. Thus, dentists must be able to treat these patients, recognize the major periodontal changes, and so diagnose and treat these diseases. It is therefore essential to establish a link between doctors, dentists, caregivers and patients for a better benefit and development of health care for the elderly.
Nowadays, average life expectancy is increasing worldwide and the elderly population has been growing steadily over time. This is due not only to the ever better sanitary conditions but also as to the biotechnological development that has been registered. Oral health is an extremely important component that influences the state of general health, and with the aging process some conditions appear that weaken the patient. The loss of teeth, lesions of the oral mucosa, dental caries and mainly periodontal diseases are the main oral health problems in the elderly population. Periodontal disease is multifactorial, whose etiology is quite complex, involving the individual's genetics and plaque bacteria. Prevention and control of bacterial plaque formation are the most relevant measures in maintaining periodontal health. Periodontal disease has a strong impact on the systemic health of patients, since diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus, rheumatic diseases and cardiovascular diseases are related to the chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues, being this impact more relevant in the elderly population. Thus, dentists must be able to treat these patients, recognize the major periodontal changes, and so diagnose and treat these diseases. It is therefore essential to establish a link between doctors, dentists, caregivers and patients for a better benefit and development of health care for the elderly.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Doença periodontal Periodontite Gengivite Envelhecimento