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Políticas públicas para a redução de mortes no trânsito: uma comparação entre Portugal e Brasil
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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação de mestrado teve por finalidade investigar se a segurança
rodoviária, em especial o número de mortes oriundas de acidentes de trânsito, foi eleita como
problema político em Portugal e no Brasil, no período entre 1990 e 2019. No início da década
de 1990, ambos os países apresentavam altos índices de mortes em acidentes de trânsito,
todavia, Portugal conseguiu reduzi-los paulatinamente durante os anos subsequentes, o
que não ocorreu no Brasil. O objetivo era verificar se a abordagem política à questão da
segurança rodoviária foi diversa nos dois países e se essa seria uma das justificativas para
os resultados tão diversos. De modo a propiciar a realização do trabalho, foi realizada uma
ampla pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, que delineada pelos preceitos da teoria dos
fluxos múltiplos, de Kingdon, nos permitiu estabelecer um conjunto de variáveis comparáveis
que subsidiaram a confirmação da hipótese dessa investigação. A segurança rodoviária
foi vista como um problema político relevante em Portugal, que facilitada pelo apoio e
financiamento da UE, conseguiu construir um ambiente favorável para a implementação
de medidas de política que privilegiassem essa questão. No Brasil, do contrário, apesar
dos avanços obtidos pelo país especialmente após a proclamação da Década de ação pela
ONU, a questão da segurança rodoviária não foi considerada, nem de forma séria nem
contínua, pelos decisores políticos no período compreendido entre 1990 e 2019, o que
justifica a permanência dos elevados índices de acidentes, feridos e mortos em acidentes
de trânsito ocorridos no país.
The purpose of this master’s thesis was to investigate whether road safety, especially the number of traffic accidents deaths, was elected as a political problem in Portugal and Brazil, between 1990 and 2019. In the early 1990s , both countries had high rates of traffic accidents deaths, however, Portugal managed to reduce them gradually over the years, which did not happen in Brazil. The objective was to verify if the political approach to the issue of road safety was different in the two countries and if this would be one of the justifications for the different results. To enable this work, extensive bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, which, outlined by Kingdon’s theory of multiple flows, allowed us to establish a set of comparable variables that supported the confirmation of the hypothesis of this investigation. Road safety was seen as a relevant political problem in Portugal, which, facilitated by EU support and funding, managed to build a favorable environment for the implementation of policy measures that favored this issue. In Brazil, contrariwise, despite the progress made by the country, especially after the UN Decade of Action, the issue of road safety was not considered, either seriously or continuously, by political decision makers in the period between 1990 and 2019, which justifies the permanence of the high rates of accidents, injuries and deaths in traffic accidents that occurred in the country.
The purpose of this master’s thesis was to investigate whether road safety, especially the number of traffic accidents deaths, was elected as a political problem in Portugal and Brazil, between 1990 and 2019. In the early 1990s , both countries had high rates of traffic accidents deaths, however, Portugal managed to reduce them gradually over the years, which did not happen in Brazil. The objective was to verify if the political approach to the issue of road safety was different in the two countries and if this would be one of the justifications for the different results. To enable this work, extensive bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, which, outlined by Kingdon’s theory of multiple flows, allowed us to establish a set of comparable variables that supported the confirmation of the hypothesis of this investigation. Road safety was seen as a relevant political problem in Portugal, which, facilitated by EU support and funding, managed to build a favorable environment for the implementation of policy measures that favored this issue. In Brazil, contrariwise, despite the progress made by the country, especially after the UN Decade of Action, the issue of road safety was not considered, either seriously or continuously, by political decision makers in the period between 1990 and 2019, which justifies the permanence of the high rates of accidents, injuries and deaths in traffic accidents that occurred in the country.
Description
Keywords
Políticas públicas Agendamento Fluxos múltiplos Mortes no trânsito Segurança rodoviária Sinistralidade rodoviária Public policies Scheduling Multiple streams Traffic deaths Road safety Road accidents