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Abstract(s)
Angola tem uma linha de costa atlântica, com uma extensão de 1650 km, exposta
a um intenso tráfego marítimo de diversos tipos de navios e embarcações. Os seus
portos são praticados anualmente por um grande número de navios e embarcações de
grande e de pequeno porte, sendo necessário um sistema de controlo de tráfego
marítimo a fim de cumprir com as suas obrigações de Estado costeiro e de proteger os
seus interesses.
Para tal é necessário a instalação de um sistema radar “vessel traffic service”
(VTS) que possibilite um maior controlo da segurança da navegação, uma maior
eficiência do transporte marítimo e proteção do meio ambiente marinho, das
instalações offshore e na resposta a incidentes que comprometam a segurança e o
tráfego marítimo.
O VTS é um sistema costeiro que pode desempenhar diversas funções como por
exemplo disponibilizar informação de segurança para navios, indicando a posição de
outros navios, aviso de tráfego e perigo meteorológico como também pode servir de
ferramenta capaz de gerir o tráfego no acesso aos portos.
A implementação de um novo VTS, ou atualização de um VTS já existente, deve
ter em conta o nível de risco para a segurança da navegação, para o meio ambiente
marinho, para a salvaguarda da vida humana no mar e controlo das atividades
económicas, tendo em conta os requisitos definidos superiormente.
De acordo com o IALA o VTS é uma ferramenta muito importante e poderosa
para reforçar a segurança no mar e, em particular, em áreas em que o congestionamento
do tráfego marítimo aumenta o risco de um incidente de navegação, ou quando as
consequências ambientais que se seguem a um incidente podem ser extensas, sendo
que a experiência obtida nos últimos anos tem vindo a confirmar que a implementação
destes sistemas tem tido um enorme sucesso na redução da sinistralidade e na proteção
do meio ambiente marinho.
A IALA também tem como objetivo que os meios de ajuda a navegação sejam
desenvolvidos e harmonizados através da cooperação internacional e da disponibilização de normas escritas, conforme a sua visão estratégica para o período de
2018-2026.
O capítulo V do SOLAS, que foi adotado em dezembro de 2000 e entrou em vigor
em 1 de julho de 2002, estabelece regras sobre serviços de tráfego, destacando-se:
Os governos que planeiam implementar o VTS devem, sempre que possível
seguir as diretrizes desenvolvidas pela Organização Marítima Internacional, sendo que a
participação do tráfego no VTS apenas é obrigatória dentro do mar territorial de um
Estado costeiro.
Neste contexto o objetivo principal da dissertação é planear a localização das
estações dos radares do sistema VTS de modo a garantir uma cobertura que proporcione
um melhor controlo sobre as embarcações de pesca, plataformas petrolíferas e todos os
outros navios que navegam ao longo da costa angolana e assim melhorar a segurança
da navegação.
Também a instalação de um VTS, seguindo as normas internacionais em conjunto
com as orientações da IMO, permite reforçar a segurança e a eficiência do tráfego
marítimo assim como a proteção do meio ambiente marinho.
Nesta dissertação será feita a definição dos requisitos e o projeto de conceptual
da localização dos radares VTS ao longo da costa, de forma a maximizar a cobertura
sobre o espaço de jurisdição marítima de Angola, sendo utilizado um sistema de
informação geográfica para análise espacial e representação da cobertura radar.
Angola has an Atlantic coastline with an extension of 1650 km exposed to intense maritime traffic of various types of vessels. Its ports are visited annually by a large number of large and small vessels requiring a maritime traffic control system for a better operation in the area. The VTS is also an important tool for Angola as a coastal state to fulfil its obligations under SOLAS and protect its maritime interests. This means the installation of a “vessel traffic service” (VTS) that allows greater control of navigation safety, greater efficiency of the maritime transport and better protection of the marine environment and the offshore installations, as well as a rapid response to incidents that compromise safety of the maritime traffic. The VTS is a coastal system that can perform various functions such as providing safety information to ships, indicating the position of other ships, traffic warning and weather hazard as well as can serve as a tool capable of managing traffic in access to the ports. The implementation of a new VTS, or upgrade of an existing one, should take into account the level of risks to navigation safety, to the protection of the marine environment and to maritime safety in accordance with the requirements established by Government. According to IALA, VTS is a very important and powerful tool for the enhancing of maritime safety, particularly in areas where maritime traffic congestion increases the risk of a navigation incident, or when the environmental consequences following an incident can be extensive. The experience gained in recent years has confirmed that the implementation of these systems has had a huge success in reducing accidents and protecting the marine environment. IALA also aims to develop and harmonize means of navigation through international cooperation and the provision of standards described in its strategic vision for the period 2018-2026. Chapter V of SOLAS, which was adopted in December 2000 and entered into force on 1 July 2002, lays down rules on traffic services, highlighting that governments planning to implement The VTS should, whenever possible, follow the guidelines developed by the International Maritime Organization, and that traffic participation in the VTS is only mandatory within the territorial sea of a coastal state. In this context, the main objective of the dissertation is to plan the location of the radar stations of the VTS system in order to ensure coverage that provides better control over fishing vessels, oil rigs and all other vessels sailing along the Angolan coast and thus improve the safety of navigation. The installation of a VTS, following international standards in conjunction with IMO guidelines, also enhances the safety and efficiency of maritime traffic as well as the protection of the marine environment. In this dissertation will be made the definition of the requirements and the concept design of the location of VTS radars along the coast, in order to maximize coverage over the space of maritime jurisdiction of Angola, for what was used a geographic information system for spatial analysis and representation of radar coverage.
Angola has an Atlantic coastline with an extension of 1650 km exposed to intense maritime traffic of various types of vessels. Its ports are visited annually by a large number of large and small vessels requiring a maritime traffic control system for a better operation in the area. The VTS is also an important tool for Angola as a coastal state to fulfil its obligations under SOLAS and protect its maritime interests. This means the installation of a “vessel traffic service” (VTS) that allows greater control of navigation safety, greater efficiency of the maritime transport and better protection of the marine environment and the offshore installations, as well as a rapid response to incidents that compromise safety of the maritime traffic. The VTS is a coastal system that can perform various functions such as providing safety information to ships, indicating the position of other ships, traffic warning and weather hazard as well as can serve as a tool capable of managing traffic in access to the ports. The implementation of a new VTS, or upgrade of an existing one, should take into account the level of risks to navigation safety, to the protection of the marine environment and to maritime safety in accordance with the requirements established by Government. According to IALA, VTS is a very important and powerful tool for the enhancing of maritime safety, particularly in areas where maritime traffic congestion increases the risk of a navigation incident, or when the environmental consequences following an incident can be extensive. The experience gained in recent years has confirmed that the implementation of these systems has had a huge success in reducing accidents and protecting the marine environment. IALA also aims to develop and harmonize means of navigation through international cooperation and the provision of standards described in its strategic vision for the period 2018-2026. Chapter V of SOLAS, which was adopted in December 2000 and entered into force on 1 July 2002, lays down rules on traffic services, highlighting that governments planning to implement The VTS should, whenever possible, follow the guidelines developed by the International Maritime Organization, and that traffic participation in the VTS is only mandatory within the territorial sea of a coastal state. In this context, the main objective of the dissertation is to plan the location of the radar stations of the VTS system in order to ensure coverage that provides better control over fishing vessels, oil rigs and all other vessels sailing along the Angolan coast and thus improve the safety of navigation. The installation of a VTS, following international standards in conjunction with IMO guidelines, also enhances the safety and efficiency of maritime traffic as well as the protection of the marine environment. In this dissertation will be made the definition of the requirements and the concept design of the location of VTS radars along the coast, in order to maximize coverage over the space of maritime jurisdiction of Angola, for what was used a geographic information system for spatial analysis and representation of radar coverage.
Description
Keywords
Radar costeiro Radar Serviço de tráfego de embarcações ” VTS”