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Intervenção do enfermeiro especialista na teleconsulta: Promoção do cuidado-de-si à pessoa com hipertensão arterial e/ou cuidador informal
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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento demográfico é uma das mudanças sociais mais relevantes deste século, contribuindo para o aumento da incidência de doenças crónicas, com a Hipertensão Arterial (HTA) a destacar-se como uma das mais prevalentes entre a população idosa. Esta realidade apresenta desafios no acesso aos serviços de saúde devido à procura elevada e à reduzida mobilidade nesta faixa etária, somada às limitações geográficas dos sistemas de saúde.
A telessaúde, particularmente a telenfermagem, é reconhecida como uma ferramenta eficaz para mitigar estas dificuldades.
Neste contexto, construído através da metodologia de projeto, desenvolvemos um projeto visando o aprimoramento das competências de enfermeiro especialista e mestre na prestação de cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa com doença crónica, particularmente às pessoas idosas com HTA e seus familiares/cuidadores, através da telenfermagem. O projeto foi implementado numa consulta externa de um hospital em Lisboa e num serviço de internamento de cardiologia de um hospital em Lisboa.
Destacam-se os resultados obtidos através da abordagem telefónica, fundamentada no modelo de intervenção de parceria de Gomes (2016, 2020), para promover o Cuidado-de-Si na pessoa idosa e/ou familiar/cuidador. A estruturação de consultas e teleconsultas de risco vascular permitiu um acompanhamento direcionado para o controlo da doença e a prevenção de complicações. Realizámos ainda uma revisão "scoping" para mapear a evidência que sustentou a nossa intervenção. O projeto também se dedicou à capacitação dos profissionais de enfermagem, através de ações de formação e da apresentação de um estudo de caso, fomentando a integração entre evidência e prática clínica, bem como o desenvolvimento de competências de investigação e da participação no projeto "IN4CARE" sediado no Centro de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Enfermagem de Lisboa (CIDNUR).
Este projeto permitiu o desenvolvimento de competências de especialista e mestre e evidenciou que a teleconsulta de enfermagem apresenta benefícios significativos, permitindo oferecer cuidados próximos, vigilância constante e resposta eficiente a várias situações complexas, como a HTA.
Demographic aging stands as one of the most relevant social changes of this century, contributing to the increase in the incidence of chronic diseases, with Arterial Hypertension (HTA) standing out as one of the most prevalent among the elderly population. This reality presents challenges in accessing healthcare services due to high demand and reduced mobility in this age group, coupled with the geographic limitations of healthcare systems. Telehealth, particularly tele-nursing, is recognized as an effective tool to mitigate these challenges. In this context, built through project methodology, we developed a project aiming to enhance the competencies of specialized and master nurses in providing nursing care to individuals with chronic diseases, particularly the elderly with HTA and their families/caregivers, through tele-nursing. The project was implemented in an outpatient clinic and a cardiology inpatient service at hospitals in Lisbon. Notable results were achieved through a telephonic approach, grounded in Gomes' partnership intervention model (2016, 2020), to promote care-of-the-self in the elderly and/or their family/caregivers. The structuring of vascular risk consultations and teleconsultations allowed for targeted disease management and prevention of complications. We also conducted a scoping review to map the evidence supporting our intervention. Additionally, the project focused on training nursing professionals through workshops and the presentation of a case study, fostering the integration of evidence and clinical practice, as well as developing research competencies and participating in the "IN4CARE" project hosted at CIDNUR. This project facilitated the development of specialized and master competencies and demonstrated that nursing teleconsultation brings significant benefits, enabling close care, constant monitoring, and efficient response to various complex situations, such as HTA.
Demographic aging stands as one of the most relevant social changes of this century, contributing to the increase in the incidence of chronic diseases, with Arterial Hypertension (HTA) standing out as one of the most prevalent among the elderly population. This reality presents challenges in accessing healthcare services due to high demand and reduced mobility in this age group, coupled with the geographic limitations of healthcare systems. Telehealth, particularly tele-nursing, is recognized as an effective tool to mitigate these challenges. In this context, built through project methodology, we developed a project aiming to enhance the competencies of specialized and master nurses in providing nursing care to individuals with chronic diseases, particularly the elderly with HTA and their families/caregivers, through tele-nursing. The project was implemented in an outpatient clinic and a cardiology inpatient service at hospitals in Lisbon. Notable results were achieved through a telephonic approach, grounded in Gomes' partnership intervention model (2016, 2020), to promote care-of-the-self in the elderly and/or their family/caregivers. The structuring of vascular risk consultations and teleconsultations allowed for targeted disease management and prevention of complications. We also conducted a scoping review to map the evidence supporting our intervention. Additionally, the project focused on training nursing professionals through workshops and the presentation of a case study, fostering the integration of evidence and clinical practice, as well as developing research competencies and participating in the "IN4CARE" project hosted at CIDNUR. This project facilitated the development of specialized and master competencies and demonstrated that nursing teleconsultation brings significant benefits, enabling close care, constant monitoring, and efficient response to various complex situations, such as HTA.
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Keywords
Enfermagem geriátrica Hipertensão Fatores de risco de doenças cardíacas Telemedicina Autocuidado Idoso