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Análise de modificações intencionais em remanescentes esqueléticos
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Abstract(s)
Os remanescentes esqueléticos humanos são uma valiosa fonte de informação para entender as culturas e práticas sociais de povos pretéritos, podendo remeter a eventos de natureza religiosa, quotidiana ou histórica. A presente dissertação centra-se na análise de modificações intencionais em remanescentes esqueléticos de indivíduos com possíveis afinidades populacionais africanas, provenientes do adro da Capela do Espírito Santo, em Bucelas.
Foi estimado o perfil biológico de 16 dos indivíduos e também o seu perfil patológico. Estudaram-se alterações corporais intencionais, através da observação de modificações morfológicas no esqueleto, que foram identificadas exclusivamente nos dentes em seis indivíduos desta amostra. As modificações identificadas podem ter tido realizadas devido a tradições culturais, estética, práticas sociais ou como um meio de identificação e identidade de tribal. Para além de contribuir para a compreensão histórica, social e cultural de grupos populacionais passados, também estabelece uma possível ligação com populações contemporâneas referidas em trabalhos etnográficos nas ex-colónias portuguesas e evidencia a relevância das modificações corporais intencionais como marcadores bioculturais precisos para a reconstrução das identidades e modos de vida das sociedades passadas, oferecendo novas perspetivas sobre diversidade e complexidade das culturas ao longo dos séculos. Atualmente, a presença de modificações intencionais no esqueleto e no corpo pode auxiliar na identificação de indivíduos em investigações criminais.
Human skeletal remains are a valuable source of information for understanding ancient people’s culture and social practices, potentially referring to events of a religious, daily or historical nature. The present dissertation focuses on analyzing intentional modifications in the skeletal remains of individuals with possible African population affinities from the courtyard of the Chapel of the Espírito Santo in Bucelas, with possible African population affinities. The biological profile of 16 individuals was estimated, along with their paleopathological profile. Through the observation of morphological and cultural characteristics, intentional bodily alterations of the teeth were exclusively identified in the teeth of the individuals in this sample were studied. The identified modifications may have been motivated by specific cultural traditions such as aesthetics and social practices, or they may have served as a means of identification and identity for tribes. In addition to contributing to the historical, social, and cultural understanding of population groups, it also establishes a possible connection with contemporary populations referred to in ethnographic works in the former Portuguese colonies and highlights the relevance of intentional bodily modifications as precise biocultural markers for reconstructing the identities and ways of life of past societies, offering new perspectives on the diversity and complexity of cultures over the centuries. Currently, the presence of intentional modifications to the skeleton and boy can aid in the identification of individuals in criminal investigations.
Human skeletal remains are a valuable source of information for understanding ancient people’s culture and social practices, potentially referring to events of a religious, daily or historical nature. The present dissertation focuses on analyzing intentional modifications in the skeletal remains of individuals with possible African population affinities from the courtyard of the Chapel of the Espírito Santo in Bucelas, with possible African population affinities. The biological profile of 16 individuals was estimated, along with their paleopathological profile. Through the observation of morphological and cultural characteristics, intentional bodily alterations of the teeth were exclusively identified in the teeth of the individuals in this sample were studied. The identified modifications may have been motivated by specific cultural traditions such as aesthetics and social practices, or they may have served as a means of identification and identity for tribes. In addition to contributing to the historical, social, and cultural understanding of population groups, it also establishes a possible connection with contemporary populations referred to in ethnographic works in the former Portuguese colonies and highlights the relevance of intentional bodily modifications as precise biocultural markers for reconstructing the identities and ways of life of past societies, offering new perspectives on the diversity and complexity of cultures over the centuries. Currently, the presence of intentional modifications to the skeleton and boy can aid in the identification of individuals in criminal investigations.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Modificações corporais Remanescentes esqueléticos Antropologia biológica Paleopatologia Marcadores bioculturais