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A Guerra do Golfo de 1991
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| 5.07 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O tema deste trabalho de investigação versa a Guerra do Golfo de 1991. O objectivo que nos propomos atingir com a sua realização, para além de aprofundar o nosso conhecimento sobre esta guerra, consiste em retirar as principais lições resultantes do emprego de armas combinadas, uma vez que esta guerra foi a última convencional e a primeira a utilizar sistemas tecnológicos inovadores para a altura, marcando o início de um novo período para as tecnologias e informações nos conflitos armados.
No nosso trabalho procuramos descrever os principais acontecimentos, sensivelmente entre 1980 a inícios de 1992, que marcaram o inicio, o desenrolar e o fim da Guerra do Golfo.
Iniciamos a nossa abordagem, demonstrando de forma resumida os principais factores que estão na origem da crise no Médio Oriente e que levam à invasão do Kuwait por parte do Iraque. Após uma análise daquele que viria a ser o Teatro de Operações, descrevemos todo o decorrer da guerra abordando a Operação Desert Shield e posteriormente, com maior relevância, a Operação Desert Storm. Através da descrição desta última operação, mostramos alguns exemplos sobre o emprego de armas combinadas nos vários combates durante a guerra, a partir dos quais retiramos as principais lições, no sentido pedagógico de perscrutar situações a evitar ou a incrementar no futuro.
Apoiámo-nos essencialmente em pesquisas documentais, para a descrição da guerra, e em entrevistas a oficiais do Exército português com conhecimento sobre o tema, que contribuíram com opiniões e ideias para o objectivo principal do trabalho.
Esta investigação permitiu-nos aprofundar o nosso conhecimento não só a nível cultural, mas também militar. Mas, mais importante, demonstrou-nos como o emprego de armas combinadas para além de ter sido essencial para o sucesso e rapidez da guerra, pode ainda ser maximizado com a utilização de helicópteros.
Abstract The subject of this investigation work concerns the Gulf War of 1991. The objective that we propose to achieve, besides increasing our knowledge about this war, is aimed at the primary lessons of the use of combined arms, because this was the last conventional war, and the first one to use developed technological systems at the time, marking a new period for technology and information on the conflict arms. Throughout this work we aim to describe the main results, between 1980 and the beginning of 1992, marking the beginning, development, and ending of the Gulf War. We start this work demonstrating, through resume, the central reasons fermenting the crises in Middle East, and escalation to the invasion of Kuwait, by Iraq. Then, we analyze the Theatre of Operations and describe the war, starting with Operation Desert Shield, and then, in more detail, Operation Desert Storm. Latter, we demonstrate some examples of the use of combined arms, during the various battles of the war, and from there, we obtain the primary lessons learnt, and pedagogically scrutinizing the situations, we may avoid or increment in the future. Our investigation was primarily done through document research for the description of the war, and the interviewing of some officers of the Portuguese army with knowledge on the subject, contributing with opinions and ideas concerning the objective of the work. This investigation allowed us to increase our cultural and military knowledge. But, more important, it demonstrated, to us, the use of combined arms: besides being essential to the success and speed of the war, it can be even more maximized by the use of helicopters.
Abstract The subject of this investigation work concerns the Gulf War of 1991. The objective that we propose to achieve, besides increasing our knowledge about this war, is aimed at the primary lessons of the use of combined arms, because this was the last conventional war, and the first one to use developed technological systems at the time, marking a new period for technology and information on the conflict arms. Throughout this work we aim to describe the main results, between 1980 and the beginning of 1992, marking the beginning, development, and ending of the Gulf War. We start this work demonstrating, through resume, the central reasons fermenting the crises in Middle East, and escalation to the invasion of Kuwait, by Iraq. Then, we analyze the Theatre of Operations and describe the war, starting with Operation Desert Shield, and then, in more detail, Operation Desert Storm. Latter, we demonstrate some examples of the use of combined arms, during the various battles of the war, and from there, we obtain the primary lessons learnt, and pedagogically scrutinizing the situations, we may avoid or increment in the future. Our investigation was primarily done through document research for the description of the war, and the interviewing of some officers of the Portuguese army with knowledge on the subject, contributing with opinions and ideas concerning the objective of the work. This investigation allowed us to increase our cultural and military knowledge. But, more important, it demonstrated, to us, the use of combined arms: besides being essential to the success and speed of the war, it can be even more maximized by the use of helicopters.
Description
Keywords
Operação Desert Storm ofensiva terrestre helicópteros armas combinadas lições aprendidas
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino