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Archaeological excavation which had been conducted in 2009 and 2010 in the Ziway-
Shala Basin, close to the Bulbula River Canyon at B1s4 site, has yielded lithic assemblages and
few faunal remains. Two human occupation horizons (PS1 and PS2) were identified which are
separated by an occupational hiatus at the very end of the terminal Pleistocene. Analysis of
debitage on both unit levels indicates the presence of similar features that lead us to assume that
B1s4 lithic industry was oriented towards the production of blades and bladelets. But, this site
shows strong technological and industrial variabilities to early Holocene sites which are very
close to B1S4. The microliths, which are widely discovered at early Holocene sites-and to a
lesser extent sites dated to Pre-Maximum Glacial Maximum-are hard to find at B1s4.Alike
Paleoenviromental records in the Ziway-Shala basin and other parts of Ethiopia and Eastern
Africa, B1s4 has proved that terminal Pleistocene was characterized by fluctuating weathering
conditions that might have forced hunter-gatherers in the region to practice diverse adaptive
strategies.
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Arqueologia