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Publication
A participação do militar do Exército Português em missões internacionais e a sua Influência na dinâmica do sistema familiar
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Abstract(s)
A presente investigação teve como propósito central estudar as especificidades das vivências das famílias militares aquando da participação do militar do Exército Português em missões internacionais. Procuramos analisar as alterações manifestadas no sistema familiar, principalmente as dificuldades sentidas pelas cônjuges face às exigências impostas, identificar as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas para combater a ausência e caraterizar as perceções dos militares e cônjuges relativas às três fases da missão (pré-deslocamento, deslocamento e pós-deslocamento). O estudo contou com uma amostra constituída por 9 militares do Regimento de Comandos e 5 cônjuges de militares desta mesma unidade, com idades compreendidas entre os 27 e os 52 anos. Recorreu-se a uma metodologia qualitativa, essencialmente baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas, posteriormente tratadas segundo as técnicas de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos revelam que a falta de tempo para a família é a principal exigência da vida militar, sendo que as necessidades da organização militar muitas vezes se sobrepõem às da família. As principais razões que conduzem os militares a participar em missões são, a remuneração/compensação financeira e o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. Fatores como a experiência, a duração e o local da missão, os laços entre o sistema familiar e as tarefas/funções desempenhadas influenciam as emoções sentidas no que respeita à participação em missões. A dinâmica do sistema familiar é afetada durante as três fases da missão. Esta participação implica a alteração de rotinas, a mudança na expressão de afetos, cria sentimentos de negação, exige momentos de treino e preparação de diversos assuntos, a consciencialização da distância mental e física, a aquisição de maior autonomia por parte da figura parental feminina e distanciação face ao processo educativo dos filhos pelo militar. A comunicação à distância (estabelecida diariamente através do Skype, telemóvel pessoal e email) permitiu fazer face à separação física e emocional e contribuiu para o fortalecimento da moral, dos laços relacionais e conduziu a uma melhoria do bem-estar. Concluímos ainda que o regresso do militar se constitui num enorme desafio para as famílias, sendo necessários esforços para voltar à vida familiar normal.
The current research study aims to study familiar experiences when one of its members had to participate in international deployment missions from the Portuguese Army. We sought to analyze changes in the family environment, namely problems faced by the partner and children, identify communication strategies used to minimize the feeling of loneliness, and characterize the perceptions of the soldiers and partners in the three different stages of the mission (pre-deployment, deployment and post-deployment). This study is based on a sample of 9 soldiers and 5 partners of soldiers belonging to the Portuguese Army Comandos with ages ranging from 27 to 52 years old. I employed a qualitative methodology, analyzed documents, recorded and analyzed interviews with the participants, using a categorical process and a hypothetic-deductive model. The results revealed that the soldiers cannot dedicate enough time to their families due to Army’s duties, which have often more priority than family. The main reason for enrolling in the international mission are financial as well as related to the personal and professional development. Experience, duration and location of the mission, the connection to the family and the tasks performed shape the emotions and the decision to enroll in a mission. Family’s dynamic is affected during the three phases of the mission. The enrollment in a mission leads to changes in routines, alteration of affections, feelings of denial, and a strong demand in terms of training and preparation, awareness of the physical and mental distance, acquisition of greater autonomy by the soldier’s partner as well as failure to follow the children’s development. The communication was established daily via Skype, cell phone and e-mail, which enabled the shortening of the physical and emotional distance and contributed for mental strengthening, family connection and lead to a happier emotional state. I also concluded that the soldier’s return is also challenging since it requires a lot of effort to go back to the normal life with the family.
The current research study aims to study familiar experiences when one of its members had to participate in international deployment missions from the Portuguese Army. We sought to analyze changes in the family environment, namely problems faced by the partner and children, identify communication strategies used to minimize the feeling of loneliness, and characterize the perceptions of the soldiers and partners in the three different stages of the mission (pre-deployment, deployment and post-deployment). This study is based on a sample of 9 soldiers and 5 partners of soldiers belonging to the Portuguese Army Comandos with ages ranging from 27 to 52 years old. I employed a qualitative methodology, analyzed documents, recorded and analyzed interviews with the participants, using a categorical process and a hypothetic-deductive model. The results revealed that the soldiers cannot dedicate enough time to their families due to Army’s duties, which have often more priority than family. The main reason for enrolling in the international mission are financial as well as related to the personal and professional development. Experience, duration and location of the mission, the connection to the family and the tasks performed shape the emotions and the decision to enroll in a mission. Family’s dynamic is affected during the three phases of the mission. The enrollment in a mission leads to changes in routines, alteration of affections, feelings of denial, and a strong demand in terms of training and preparation, awareness of the physical and mental distance, acquisition of greater autonomy by the soldier’s partner as well as failure to follow the children’s development. The communication was established daily via Skype, cell phone and e-mail, which enabled the shortening of the physical and emotional distance and contributed for mental strengthening, family connection and lead to a happier emotional state. I also concluded that the soldier’s return is also challenging since it requires a lot of effort to go back to the normal life with the family.
Description
Keywords
Missões militares internacionais Família militar Sistema familiar Comunicação