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Publication
Alteração da deglutição: intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação na comunidade
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| 3.84 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
O processo de deglutição integra uma das mais importantes funções fisiológicas
para a manutenção da vida, pois é através do ato de deglutir que os seres humanos
adquirem os nutrientes necessários para o funcionamento do seu organismo. A deglutição
é um mecanismo complexo que implica a participação coordenada de várias áreas
anatômicas que, por meio de movimentos e pressões, permitem que o alimento seja
conduzido de forma eficiente e segura desde a cavidade oral até ao estômago. Qualquer
compromisso neste processo denomina-se disfagia e pode levar a diversas complicações
como desnutrição, desidratação, pneumonia de aspiração, aumento de reinternamentos
hospitalares e isolamento social, contribuindo, desta forma, para a diminuição da
qualidade de vida da pessoa e dos seus cuidadores. Para a prevenção ou diminuição destas
complicações, o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) deve
intervir com o objetivo de capacitar o utente e o cuidador para a melhoria do processo de
deglutição.
O EEER, além de planear e intervir autonomamente, deverá promover a formação
dos enfermeiros da prática clínica. Assim, o trabalho desenvolvido ao longo do estágio
de opção, teve como intuito aprimorar o conhecimento e melhorar a capacidade dos
enfermeiros de uma Unidade de Cuidados Continuados (UCC) para intervir em utentes
com compromisso da deglutição e seus familiares cuidadores, de forma a aumentar a
qualidade dos cuidados prestados. A metodologia utilizada na elaboração deste relatório
foi o Projeto de Melhoria da Qualidade (PMQ), como estratégia de intervenção
profissional, tendo-se realizado uma formação em serviço e uma Revisão Integrativa da
Literatura (RIL).
The process of swallowing is one of the most important physiological functions for maintaining life, since it is through the act of swallowing that human beings acquire the nutrients necessary for their bodies to function. Swallowing is a complex mechanism that involves the coordinated participation of various anatomical areas which, through movements and pressure, allow food to be carried efficiently and safely from the oral cavity to the stomach. Any compromise in this process is called dysphagia and can lead to various complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, increased hospital readmissions and social isolation, thus contributing to a reduced quality of life for the person and their carers. In order to prevent or reduce these complications, the Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist (RNS) must intervene with the aim of training the patient and carer to improve the swallowing process. As well as planning and intervening autonomously, the RNS should promote the training of nurses in clinical practice. Thus, the work carried out during the option internship was aimed at improving the knowledge and capacity of nurses in a Continuous Care Unit (CCU) to intervene with patients with swallowing problems and their family carers, in order to increase the quality of care provided. The methodology used to produce this report was the Quality Improvement Project (QIP) as a professional intervention strategy, with in-service training and an Integrative Literature Review (ILR).
The process of swallowing is one of the most important physiological functions for maintaining life, since it is through the act of swallowing that human beings acquire the nutrients necessary for their bodies to function. Swallowing is a complex mechanism that involves the coordinated participation of various anatomical areas which, through movements and pressure, allow food to be carried efficiently and safely from the oral cavity to the stomach. Any compromise in this process is called dysphagia and can lead to various complications such as malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, increased hospital readmissions and social isolation, thus contributing to a reduced quality of life for the person and their carers. In order to prevent or reduce these complications, the Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist (RNS) must intervene with the aim of training the patient and carer to improve the swallowing process. As well as planning and intervening autonomously, the RNS should promote the training of nurses in clinical practice. Thus, the work carried out during the option internship was aimed at improving the knowledge and capacity of nurses in a Continuous Care Unit (CCU) to intervene with patients with swallowing problems and their family carers, in order to increase the quality of care provided. The methodology used to produce this report was the Quality Improvement Project (QIP) as a professional intervention strategy, with in-service training and an Integrative Literature Review (ILR).
Description
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny e Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado
Keywords
Transtornos de Deglutição Enfermagem em Reabilitação Inquéritos e Questionários