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Qual a influência da criação do Destacamento Feminino, nas Lutas de Libertação Nacional, para a Emancipação da Mulher em Moçambique?
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho pretende responder à seguinte questão: “Que influência teve o Destacamento Feminino para a emancipação da mulher em Moçambique?”.
Como objetivos foram apontados não só assinalar o protagonismo das mulheres na atual sociedade moçambicana, procurando compreender a relação que existe com a sua participação na luta armada, mas também sistematizar o papel assumid o pelo Destacamento Feminino, sem perder de vista as condições que motivaram essa participação e ao mesmo tempo inteirar - se dos estádios de emancipação.
A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa e baseou - se na pesquisa bibliográfica, apoiando - se também nas novas tecnologias para aceder aos documentos disponíveis na in ternet bem como para receber contributos de terceiros, a partir de Moçambique. Além disso, realizaram - se entrevistas (à distância) a mulheres que fizeram
parte do Destacamento Feminino. A imposs ibilidade de nos deslocarmos a Moçambique para fazermos essas entrevistas diretamente , limitou a riqueza dos testemunhos apurados. Concluímos que a criação do Destacamento Feminino por parte da FRELIMO estava associada à concretização da revolução social. Visto
que, quando este foi criado, pretendia envolver as mulheres no conflito, de forma a facilitar a sua posterior
integração na vida política nacional após conquistada a independência. Em síntese a criação do Destacamento Feminino funcionou como um tram polim, na medida em que veio possibilitar a participação da mulher na luta
armada enquadrada num “exército” regular, pondo - as lado a lado com os camaradas masculinos, o que serviu para quebrar as crenças de que as mulheres não eram capazes de desempenhar a s mesmas tarefas que os homens. No entanto, não pode ser atribuído total mérito da emancipação das mulheres na sociedade
moçambicana à criação do Destacamento Feminino, porque se observarmos a partir do disposto neste trabalho foram as mulheres que reclama ram a sua integração na luta armada, exigindo que lhes fosse dado treino militar.
Todavia, ainda que as mulheres gozem oficialmente de algum reconhecimento social, decorrente da sua participação na luta de libertação nacional, embora constituam a maioria da força de trabalho (se incluirmos
o sector informal) e embora estejam representadas de modo significativo no Parlamento moçambicano, a igualdade de género apresenta ainda algumas lacunas, designadamente na educação. Além disso, a sua representação nas Fo rças Armadas, ao contrário do que se poderia esperar, não é numericamente significativa.
Abstract The present work aim to answer the following question: which influences had the creation of the female detachment in the national liberation struggle, for the emancipation of women in Mozambique? We have defined too goals: to highlight the role of women in the current Mozambican society, seeking to understand the relationship with their participation in armed struggle; to systematize the role played by the female detachment without losing sight of the conditions that gave rise to this participation and a t the same time analyze the stages of women emancipation. The methodology was qualitative and based on bibliographic research, relying also on the new technologies for accessing documents available on the internet and obtaining inputs from people from Mozambique. In addition, interviews were applied to women who took part of the Female Detachment. The impossibility of travelling to Mozambique to apply these interviews directly, have conditioned the gathering of the information. We conclude that the creation of the female detachment by FRELIMO was associated with the achievement of social revolution. Because, when it was created it was aimed at involve women in conflict in order to facilitate their further integration into national political life after ind ependence. In summary the creation of the female detachment served as a springboard as it enabled the involvement of women in armed struggle framed in a regular army. By placing them side by side with their male comrades, help to break the beliefs that wom en were not able to perform the same tasks as men. However, it cannot be assigned full merits of the women emancipation in Mozambique to the creation of female detachment, because according to this study women claimed themselves their integration in the ar med struggle, demanding military training for themselves. However, although women enjoy officially some kind of social recognition, arising from their participation in the national liberation struggle, although they constitute the majority of the workfor ce (if we include the informal sector) and although they are significantly represented in the Mozambican parliament, gender equality still register some gaps, notably in education. Furthermore their representation in the armed forces, contrary to what one might expect is not numerically significant.
Abstract The present work aim to answer the following question: which influences had the creation of the female detachment in the national liberation struggle, for the emancipation of women in Mozambique? We have defined too goals: to highlight the role of women in the current Mozambican society, seeking to understand the relationship with their participation in armed struggle; to systematize the role played by the female detachment without losing sight of the conditions that gave rise to this participation and a t the same time analyze the stages of women emancipation. The methodology was qualitative and based on bibliographic research, relying also on the new technologies for accessing documents available on the internet and obtaining inputs from people from Mozambique. In addition, interviews were applied to women who took part of the Female Detachment. The impossibility of travelling to Mozambique to apply these interviews directly, have conditioned the gathering of the information. We conclude that the creation of the female detachment by FRELIMO was associated with the achievement of social revolution. Because, when it was created it was aimed at involve women in conflict in order to facilitate their further integration into national political life after ind ependence. In summary the creation of the female detachment served as a springboard as it enabled the involvement of women in armed struggle framed in a regular army. By placing them side by side with their male comrades, help to break the beliefs that wom en were not able to perform the same tasks as men. However, it cannot be assigned full merits of the women emancipation in Mozambique to the creation of female detachment, because according to this study women claimed themselves their integration in the ar med struggle, demanding military training for themselves. However, although women enjoy officially some kind of social recognition, arising from their participation in the national liberation struggle, although they constitute the majority of the workfor ce (if we include the informal sector) and although they are significantly represented in the Mozambican parliament, gender equality still register some gaps, notably in education. Furthermore their representation in the armed forces, contrary to what one might expect is not numerically significant.
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Keywords
Frente de Libertação de Moçambique Moçambique Mulheres Luta Armada Igualdade de Género
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Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino