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Violência filioparental : caracterização de agressores em cumprimento de penas e medidas na comunidade
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Abstract(s)
A violência filioparental (VFP), devido à sua natureza intrafamiliar é considerada uma vertente da violência doméstica (VD). Esta é caracterizada pela prática de comportamentos físicos, psicológicos e/ou económicos agressivos, direcionada aos progenitores e perpetrada pelos descendentes. Este fenómeno, embora não seja recente, é raramente foco de investigações científicas. O presente estudo está dividido em dois artigos, sendo que o primeiro é uma revisão sistemática com o objetivo de identificar quais os fatores de risco associados à VFP, e o segundo tem como finalidade caracterizar uma amostra portuguesa de ofensores/as que cometeram VFP a cumprir penas e medidas na comunidade. Os dados foram recolhidos por Técnicos das Equipas de Reinserção Social da Direção-Geral de Reinserção e Serviços Prisionais (DGRSP), através do preenchimento da “Grelha de Caracterização – Violência Doméstica”. De acordo com a revisão sistemática, testemunhar/ser exposto a violência familiar, as práticas parentais desadequadas, os traços de personalidade antissocial, a presença de sintomatologia psicopatológica, o consumo abusivo de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas e a pertença a grupos de pares desviantes foram identificados como os fatores de risco associados à VFP com maior prevalência. Tendo em consideração os resultados obtidos no estudo empírico, a maioria dos/as agressores/as de VFP são do sexo masculino com idades compreendidas entre os 40 e os 49 anos, com baixas habilitações literárias, solteiros e desempregados. Estes revelam elevados niveis de consumo de álcool e de impulsividade, ausência de arrependimento, negam, minimizam, desresponsabilizam-se dos atos violentos cometidos, atribuem a culpa a fatores externos e/ou às vítimas. Os tipos de violência mais praticados são a emocional e a física motivadas pela necessidade de possuir poder/controlo sobre as vítimas e para obter ganhos materiais. As penas/medidas aplicadas estão em consonância com as necessidades destes/as ofensores/as, uma vez que compreende as principais áreas problemáticas desta população, sendo que neste contexto, a lacuna evidenciada é a implementação prática da frequência de programas dirigidos à VD e o elevado número de processos sem avaliação de risco.
Child-to-parent violence (CPV), due to its intra-family nature, is considered a type of domestic violence (DV), characterized by the practice of aggressive physical, psychological and/or economic behaviors, directed at parents and perpetrated by descendants. This phenomenon, although not recent, is rarely the focus of scientific investigations. The present study is divided into two articles, the first of which is a systematic review with the aim of identifying which risk factors are associated with CPV, and the second aims to characterize a Portuguese sample of offenders who committed CPV. According to the systematic review, witnessing/being exposed to family violence, inadequate parenting practices, antisocial personality traits, the presence of psychopathological symptoms, abusive consumption of legal and illicit substances and belonging to deviant peer groups were identified as the most prevalent risk factors associated with FPV. Considering the results obtained in the empirical study, the majority of CPV aggressors are male, aged between 40 and 49 years old, with low educational qualifications, single and unemployed. They reveal high levels of alcohol consumption and impulsivity, lack of regret, denying, minimizing, taking no responsibility for the violent acts committed, and attributing blame to external factors and/or the victims. The most common types of violence are emotional and physical, motivated by the need of having control over the victims and to obtain material gains. The penalties applied are in line with the needs of these offenders, as they comprise the main problematic areas of this population, and in this context, the gap highlighted is the practical implementation of programs aimed at DV and the high number of processes without risk assessment.
Child-to-parent violence (CPV), due to its intra-family nature, is considered a type of domestic violence (DV), characterized by the practice of aggressive physical, psychological and/or economic behaviors, directed at parents and perpetrated by descendants. This phenomenon, although not recent, is rarely the focus of scientific investigations. The present study is divided into two articles, the first of which is a systematic review with the aim of identifying which risk factors are associated with CPV, and the second aims to characterize a Portuguese sample of offenders who committed CPV. According to the systematic review, witnessing/being exposed to family violence, inadequate parenting practices, antisocial personality traits, the presence of psychopathological symptoms, abusive consumption of legal and illicit substances and belonging to deviant peer groups were identified as the most prevalent risk factors associated with FPV. Considering the results obtained in the empirical study, the majority of CPV aggressors are male, aged between 40 and 49 years old, with low educational qualifications, single and unemployed. They reveal high levels of alcohol consumption and impulsivity, lack of regret, denying, minimizing, taking no responsibility for the violent acts committed, and attributing blame to external factors and/or the victims. The most common types of violence are emotional and physical, motivated by the need of having control over the victims and to obtain material gains. The penalties applied are in line with the needs of these offenders, as they comprise the main problematic areas of this population, and in this context, the gap highlighted is the practical implementation of programs aimed at DV and the high number of processes without risk assessment.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Violência filioparental Fatores de risco Caracterização Agressor