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Publication
Análise de metais nobres marcados com técnica de dispersão de partículas de diamante (UniqueMark®)
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.39 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
Há mais de 600 anos que a marcação de peças em ouro e prata é utilizada em Portugal para que se possa distinguir as suas origens e a sua autenticidade em caso de roubos e falsificações e ainda hoje é uma técnica recorrente, entretanto, com poucas inovações feitas desde a sua génese.
Este foi um desafio para a equipa de pesquisadores e cientistas da Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda (INCM) que inovaram este método com uma moderna técnica de dispersão caótica de partículas de diamante sob o punção tradicional e artesanal, criando assim um padrão único como uma impressão digital. Este padrão é registado através de captura de imagem por microscopia e registada numa base de dados, dando assim uma identidade à peça.
Este trabalho teve como base objetivos específicos elaborar técnicas de desgaste de metais preciosos, perceber qual a durabilidade do padrão através das análises e testes de desgaste elaborados e adaptados para este propósito. Estes ensaios tiveram como propósito expor as marcas a várias situações adversas como uso diário, abrasão, temperaturas extremas e exposição aos químicos para detetar eventuais alterações no padrão em relação ao registo existente na base de dados. Após a finalização de todos os processos analíticos, pode-se concluir que as marcas com dispersão de partículas de diamantes sujeitas aos testes físicos e químicos, permanecem intactas, sem alterações que comprometam o padrão de dispersão.
Outro objetivo era apresentar a utilidade do UniqueMark® em outro enquadramento forense, como uma ferramenta a ser utilizada como método secundário na identificação de vítimas de desastres em massa. Na pesquisa efetuada sobre as técnicas de identificação de vítimas em desastres de grandes proporções, foi possível observar a elevada probabilidade de aplicação da técnica UniqueMark® como método secundário de identificação. Esta possibilidade dá-se em virtude do padrão único de reconhecimento e da longa durabilidade do padrão de dispersão constatada neste trabalho.
For over 600 years Portugal have been using assay markings on silver and gold pieces to distinguish its origins and authenticity in case of theft or forgery and it still is a current technique. It has been a challenge for the researchers and scientists at Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda (INCM) that innovated this method with a modern technique of chaotic dispersion of diamond particles over the traditional and artisanal puncturing, creating this way and unique pattern much like a digital fingerprint. This pattern is registered with an image captured with a microscope and then registered in a database, giving the piece an identity. The main purpose of this thesis was such as to elaborate techniques of deterioration of precious metals, understanding the pattern durability through analysis and deterioration tests, elaborated, and adapted to this end. Furthermore, the purpose of the tests were to expose the assay markings to various situations such as, daily use, abrasion, extreme temperatures, and exposure to chemical substances to detect any change or modification to the pattern registered originally in the database. As a result of the analytical testing it's safe to conclude that the markings done with the technique of chaotic dispersion of diamond particles submitted to physical and chemical testing, remain untouched, with no alterations that compromise the pattern of dispersion. Another purpose of this thesis was to present other utility for UniqueMark in a forensic environment, such as a tool to be used as a secondary method to identify victims in mass disasters. Another objective was to present the utility of UniqueMark® in another forensic framework, as a tool to be used as a secondary method in identifying victims of mass disasters. In the research carried out on victim identification techniques in major disasters, it was possible to observe the high probability of applying the UniqueMark® technique as a secondary method of identification. This possibility is due to the unique recognition pattern and the long durability of the dispersion pattern found in this work.
For over 600 years Portugal have been using assay markings on silver and gold pieces to distinguish its origins and authenticity in case of theft or forgery and it still is a current technique. It has been a challenge for the researchers and scientists at Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda (INCM) that innovated this method with a modern technique of chaotic dispersion of diamond particles over the traditional and artisanal puncturing, creating this way and unique pattern much like a digital fingerprint. This pattern is registered with an image captured with a microscope and then registered in a database, giving the piece an identity. The main purpose of this thesis was such as to elaborate techniques of deterioration of precious metals, understanding the pattern durability through analysis and deterioration tests, elaborated, and adapted to this end. Furthermore, the purpose of the tests were to expose the assay markings to various situations such as, daily use, abrasion, extreme temperatures, and exposure to chemical substances to detect any change or modification to the pattern registered originally in the database. As a result of the analytical testing it's safe to conclude that the markings done with the technique of chaotic dispersion of diamond particles submitted to physical and chemical testing, remain untouched, with no alterations that compromise the pattern of dispersion. Another purpose of this thesis was to present other utility for UniqueMark in a forensic environment, such as a tool to be used as a secondary method to identify victims in mass disasters. Another objective was to present the utility of UniqueMark® in another forensic framework, as a tool to be used as a secondary method in identifying victims of mass disasters. In the research carried out on victim identification techniques in major disasters, it was possible to observe the high probability of applying the UniqueMark® technique as a secondary method of identification. This possibility is due to the unique recognition pattern and the long durability of the dispersion pattern found in this work.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Desgaste Marcas Falsificações Desastre em massa Metais preciosos