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Rastreio parasitológico em cães pastores de explorações pecuárias do concelho de Fronteira
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Abstract(s)
Tendo em conta a inexistência de estudos, sobre parasitoses em cães pastores, realizados
no concelho Fronteira, foi objetivo principal deste estudo, avaliar a prevalência dos
diferentes géneros e espécies de parasitas com potencial zoonótico nos cães pastores de
explorações pecuárias do concelho, avaliar o risco de transmissão para outras espécies e
elaborar uma proposta estratégica de controle parasitológico dentro do conceito “One
Health”, promovendo um ecossistema equilibrado e holisticamente saudável. Para o
estudo foram realizados 81 inqueritos aos tutores e recolhidos dados dos animais, das
explorações, como forma de avaliar a existência de possiveis fatores de risco. Foram
recolhidas sessenta e três amostras fecais e cinquenta e sete amostras de sangue. As
primeiras foram sujeitas a exame macroscópico e analisadas através do método de
flutuação de Willis. Com as amostras de sangue, foram elaborados esfregaços,
posteriormente corados pelo método de diff-quick para rastreio de hemoparasitas. Todas
as amostras de sangue também foram avaliadas pelo método de gota a fresco para
pesquisa de microfilárias. Dezoito das amostras foram sujeitas a pesquisa de Leishmania
através de teste de imunofluorescência indireta (IFT). Das 63 amostras fecais analisadas
em 49 não se observaram formas parasitárias (78%), 7 revelaram-se positivas para
ancilostomídeos (11%), 4 positivas para Toxascaris leonina (6%), 3% apresentavam
infeção mista por Toxascaris leonina e ancilostomídeos e numa amostra foi encontrado
um parasita adulto. Nos esfregaços sanguíneos e no exame de gota a fresco, não se
observaram hemoparasitas nem microfilárias, respetivamente. No entanto, das 18
amostras sujeitas ao teste Megafluo® Leish, 9 testaram positivo para Leishmania
infantum, 1 amostra foi considerada duvidosa e 8 apresentaram resultado negativo.
Apesar da baixa percentagem de parasitoses gastrointestinais apresentada, estes parasitas
apresentam potencial zoonótico pelo que os cães pastores devem continuar a ser
rastreados. A percentagem elevada apresentada no teste de imunofluorescência indireta
(IFT) testemunha a alta prevalência da zoonose nesta zona do país.
In view of the lack of studies on parasites in sheepdogs carried out in the municipality of Fronteira, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different genera and species of parasites with zoonotic potential in shepherd dogs on farms in the municipality, to assess the risk of transmission to other species and develop a strategic proposal for parasitological control within the “One Health” concept, promoting a balanced and holistically healthy ecosystem. For the study, 81 surveys of owners were carried out and data collected from animals and properties, as a way of evaluating the existence of possible risk factors. Sixty-three fecal samples and fifty-seven blood samples were collected. The first were subjected to macroscopic examination and analyzed using the Willis fluctuation method. With the blood samples, smears were prepared, subsequently stained using the diff-quick method to screen for hemoparasites, all blood samples were also evaluated using the fresh drop method to search for microfilariae. Eighteen of the samples were tested for leishmania using an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT). Of the 63 fecal samples analyzed, 49 were not observed parasitic forms (78%), 7 were positive for hookworms (11%), 4 positive for Toxascaris leonina (6%), 3% showed mixed infection by Toxascaris leonina and hookworms and in one sample found an adult parasite. In blood smears and fresh spot examination, no hemoparasites or microfilariae were observed, respectively. However, of the 18 samples submitted to the Megafluo® Leish test, 9 tested positive for Leishmania infantum, 1 sample was considered doubtful and 8 tested negative. Despite the low percentage of gastrointestinal parasites presented, these parasites have zoonotic potential, meaning that sheepdogs must continue to be tracked. The high percentage shown in the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT) testifies to the high prevalence of zoonosis in this part of the country.
In view of the lack of studies on parasites in sheepdogs carried out in the municipality of Fronteira, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different genera and species of parasites with zoonotic potential in shepherd dogs on farms in the municipality, to assess the risk of transmission to other species and develop a strategic proposal for parasitological control within the “One Health” concept, promoting a balanced and holistically healthy ecosystem. For the study, 81 surveys of owners were carried out and data collected from animals and properties, as a way of evaluating the existence of possible risk factors. Sixty-three fecal samples and fifty-seven blood samples were collected. The first were subjected to macroscopic examination and analyzed using the Willis fluctuation method. With the blood samples, smears were prepared, subsequently stained using the diff-quick method to screen for hemoparasites, all blood samples were also evaluated using the fresh drop method to search for microfilariae. Eighteen of the samples were tested for leishmania using an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT). Of the 63 fecal samples analyzed, 49 were not observed parasitic forms (78%), 7 were positive for hookworms (11%), 4 positive for Toxascaris leonina (6%), 3% showed mixed infection by Toxascaris leonina and hookworms and in one sample found an adult parasite. In blood smears and fresh spot examination, no hemoparasites or microfilariae were observed, respectively. However, of the 18 samples submitted to the Megafluo® Leish test, 9 tested positive for Leishmania infantum, 1 sample was considered doubtful and 8 tested negative. Despite the low percentage of gastrointestinal parasites presented, these parasites have zoonotic potential, meaning that sheepdogs must continue to be tracked. The high percentage shown in the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT) testifies to the high prevalence of zoonosis in this part of the country.
Description
Keywords
cães pastores Fronteira Parasitas zoonoses Portugal Sheepdogs Parasites