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Associação entre saúde oral e desempenho funcional e físico em atletas : estudo transversal
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Resumo(s)
A integridade do sistema estomatognático é fundamental para a homeostase fisiológica de atletas, embora patologias orais crónicas silenciosas possam modelar a nociceção e interferir na regulação neuromuscular e postural. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação entre os indicadores de saúde oral,
quantificados pela pontuação do Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome baseada no sistema Universal Sports Dentistry Examination System, e variáveis de desempenho neuromuscular, sensibilidade dolorosa, performance física e estabilidade postural em 123 futebolistas seniores masculinos. Este estudo observacional e transversal integrou avaliações funcionais de eletromiografia de superfície dos músculos masséter e temporal anterior, força máxima de mordida, limiares de dor à pressão por algometria, salto vertical e parâmetros estabilométricos do Centro de Pressão com e sem informação visual. Os resultados demonstraram que o Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome médio foi de 1,74 ± 0,71 pontos. As análises multivariáveis ajustadas para idade, peso e índice de massa corporal não revelaram efeitos independentes estatisticamente significativos do Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome sobre as variáveis neuromusculares locais, força de mordida ou salto vertical. Contudo, constatou-se uma associação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre o Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome e o incremento da área de oscilação do Centro de Pressão calculado pelo Índice de Romberg (ρ = 0,249; p = 0,006). Conclui-se que a condição de saúde oral apresenta uma relação limitada com os parâmetros neuromusculares e a performance explosiva, mas associa-se a uma maior dependência da informação visual para a preservação do equilíbrio estático.
The integrity of the stomatognathic system is fundamental for the physiological homeostasis of athletes, although silent chronic oral pathologies can modulate nociception and interfere with neuromuscular and postural regulation. This study aimed to analyze the association between oral health indicators—quantified by the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome score based on the Universal Sports Dentistry Examination System - and variables of neuromuscular performance, pain sensitivity, physical performance, and postural stability in 123 male senior football players. This observational and cross-sectional study integrated functional assessments of surface electromyography of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles, maximum bite force, pressure pain thresholds via algometry, vertical jump, and stabilometric parameters of the Center of Pressure with and without visual information. The results demonstrated that the mean Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome score was 1.74 ± 0.71 points. Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, weight, and body mass index revealed no statistically significant independent effects of the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome on local neuromuscular variables, bite force, or vertical jump. However, a statistically significant positive association was found between the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome and the increase in the Center of Pressure oscillation area under visual deprivation (rs = 0.249; p = 0.006). It is concluded that oral health status has a limited relationship with local neuromuscular parameters and explosive performance, but it is associated with a greater reliance on visual information for the preservation of static balance.
The integrity of the stomatognathic system is fundamental for the physiological homeostasis of athletes, although silent chronic oral pathologies can modulate nociception and interfere with neuromuscular and postural regulation. This study aimed to analyze the association between oral health indicators—quantified by the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome score based on the Universal Sports Dentistry Examination System - and variables of neuromuscular performance, pain sensitivity, physical performance, and postural stability in 123 male senior football players. This observational and cross-sectional study integrated functional assessments of surface electromyography of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles, maximum bite force, pressure pain thresholds via algometry, vertical jump, and stabilometric parameters of the Center of Pressure with and without visual information. The results demonstrated that the mean Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome score was 1.74 ± 0.71 points. Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, weight, and body mass index revealed no statistically significant independent effects of the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome on local neuromuscular variables, bite force, or vertical jump. However, a statistically significant positive association was found between the Sports Dental Screening Protocol Outcome and the increase in the Center of Pressure oscillation area under visual deprivation (rs = 0.249; p = 0.006). It is concluded that oral health status has a limited relationship with local neuromuscular parameters and explosive performance, but it is associated with a greater reliance on visual information for the preservation of static balance.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Medicina dentária desportiva Rendimento desportivo Avaliação funcional Saúde oral