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Publication
A tomada a cargo da saúde oral nas crianças com cancro
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As crianças afetadas pelo cancro exigem muita atenção no que toca à Medicina
Dentária. Os tratamentos de quimioterapia e de radioterapia são tão pesados que as
complicações orais devem ser tomadas em consideração rapidamente porque debilitam
o paciente, causando-lhe um desconforto que por vezes pode ser prevenido, ou pelo
menos controlado. Os efeitos colaterais agudos e crónicos da terapia antineoplásica
mais frequentemente observados na cavidade oral são: mucosite, hemorragia oral,
disgeusia, infeções oportunistas, disfunção das glândulas salivares, cárie dentária,
neurotoxicidade, osteorradionecrose, disfunção na articulação temporomandibular,
anomalias do desenvolvimento dentário e craniofacial, entre outros.
O médico dentista deve ter sensibilidade e possuir conhecimentos sobre a abordagem a
adotar com este grupo de indivíduos. Deve também educar o paciente e os seus pais
sobre os efeitos secundários do tratamento e como minimizá-los. O médico dentista
deve ter uma estreita colaboração com os restantes membros da equipa oncológica e
assim garantir cuidados orais e aconselhamento especializado que contribuirão para
melhorar a sua qualidade de vida e diminuir a sua morbilidade e mortalidade.
Children affected by cancer require a lot of attention in dentistry. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments are so heavy that oral complications have to be taken into consideration quickly as they weaken the patient, causing discomfort that can sometimes be prevented, or at least controlled. The most commonly observed acute and chronic side effects of antineoplastic therapy in the oral cavity are: mucositis, oral bleeding, dysgeusia, opportunistic infections, salivary gland dysfunction, dental caries, neurotoxicity, osteoradionecrosis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, dental developmental anomalies and craniofacial, among others. The dentist should be sensible and knowledgeable about the approach to take on this group of individuals. He should also educate the patients and their parents about the side effects of the treatments and how to minimize them. The dentist should work closely with the other cancer team members to ensure oral care and expert advice, which will help to improve their living conditions and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Children affected by cancer require a lot of attention in dentistry. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments are so heavy that oral complications have to be taken into consideration quickly as they weaken the patient, causing discomfort that can sometimes be prevented, or at least controlled. The most commonly observed acute and chronic side effects of antineoplastic therapy in the oral cavity are: mucositis, oral bleeding, dysgeusia, opportunistic infections, salivary gland dysfunction, dental caries, neurotoxicity, osteoradionecrosis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, dental developmental anomalies and craniofacial, among others. The dentist should be sensible and knowledgeable about the approach to take on this group of individuals. He should also educate the patients and their parents about the side effects of the treatments and how to minimize them. The dentist should work closely with the other cancer team members to ensure oral care and expert advice, which will help to improve their living conditions and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Crianças Cancro Medicina dentária Quimioterapia Radioterapia Oncologia Efeitos colaterais