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Sorriso gengival : etiologia, diagnóstico e abordagens terapêuticas
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Abstract(s)
Ao longo do tempo a estética tem vindo a adquirir um papel fundamental no quotidiano da população.
O sorriso gengival é uma característica não-patológica associada à exposição excessiva de tecido gengival que causa desarmonia no sorriso e cada vez mais constitui uma preocupação tanto para os doentes como para os médicos dentistas.
Existem diversas etiologias distintas subjacentes a esta peculiaridade, tais como:
erupção passiva alterada, crescimento vertical da maxila, extrusão dento-alveolar, lábio
superior curto, hiperatividade do lábio superior, aumento gengival induzido por placa ou
fármacos. Deste modo, torna-se essencial que o médico dentista realize um diagnóstico
diferencial, para que a abordagem terapêutica adequada possa ser aplicada a cada caso
em particular.
Por vezes, não existe apenas um fator etiológico mas sim a combinação de diversos fatores e, nestes casos, é necessário recorrer a uma abordagem multidiscisplinar.
O médico dentista deve dominar a estética facial assim como os aspetos anatómicos e fatores envolvidos nesta condição de forma a poder proporcionar ao doente um sorriso atrativo e funcional.
Atualmente com o avanço das tecnologias, têm surgido novos recursos com a capacidade de tornar a cirurgia de correção do sorriso gengival um procedimento mais
simples e cómodo para o doente.
Over the time aesthetics has acquired a fundamental role in the daily lives of the population. Gummy smile is a non-pathological feature associated with overexposure of the gum tissue that causes smile disharmony and has been acquiring a great concern for both patients and dentists. There are several distinct etiologies underlying this peculiarity, such as: altered passive eruption, excessive vertical maxillary growth, dentoalveolar extrusion, short upper lip, upper lip hyperactivity, plaque-induced gingival enlargement, or drugs. Thus it is essential that the dentist makes a differential diagnosis so that the appropriate therapeutic approach can be applied to each particular case. Sometimes there is not just one etiological factor, but the combination of several factors and, in these cases, a multidisciplinary approach is required. The dentist must master facial aesthetics as well as the anatomical aspects and factors involved in this condition in order to provide the patient an attractive and functional smile. Nowadays, with the advancement of technologies, new features have been emerging with the ability to make gummy smile correction surgery more simple and a more comfortable procedure for the patient.
Over the time aesthetics has acquired a fundamental role in the daily lives of the population. Gummy smile is a non-pathological feature associated with overexposure of the gum tissue that causes smile disharmony and has been acquiring a great concern for both patients and dentists. There are several distinct etiologies underlying this peculiarity, such as: altered passive eruption, excessive vertical maxillary growth, dentoalveolar extrusion, short upper lip, upper lip hyperactivity, plaque-induced gingival enlargement, or drugs. Thus it is essential that the dentist makes a differential diagnosis so that the appropriate therapeutic approach can be applied to each particular case. Sometimes there is not just one etiological factor, but the combination of several factors and, in these cases, a multidisciplinary approach is required. The dentist must master facial aesthetics as well as the anatomical aspects and factors involved in this condition in order to provide the patient an attractive and functional smile. Nowadays, with the advancement of technologies, new features have been emerging with the ability to make gummy smile correction surgery more simple and a more comfortable procedure for the patient.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Sorriso gengival Exposição gengival excessiva Estética do sorriso Abordagens terapêuticas