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Sintomatologia dissociativa, experiências adversas na juventude e comportamento agressivo na idade adulta : estudo em contexto hospitalar
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Segundo a literatura, verifica-se uma associação entre níveis elevados de PTSD, BPD, Depressão e sintomatologia dissociativa. Tendo isto presente, esta investigação tem como objetivo identificar a presença de sintomas de dissociação em indivíduos com os diagnósticos referidos, e estudar a sua relação com experiências adversas ocorridas na juventude e comportamento agressivo na idade adulta.
Estudaram-se 11 participantes em contexto hospitalar, a quem foi aplicado uma bateria de instrumentos de avaliação psicológica. Utilizou-se o ACE, que avalia a experiência de adversidades na infância/juventude, o DES, que avalia a presença de sintomatologia dissociativa, e o AQ, que avalia o comportamento agressivo.
Como principais resultados, destacam-se a predominância de sintomatologia dissociativa e comportamento agressivo em indivíduos com PTSD, a presença de experiências adversas na infância/juventude e sintomatologia dissociativa num participante com BPD, e o elevado número de participantes da amostra (cerca de metade) que acusou valores acima dos de referência para a presença de sintomatologia dissociativa.
Verificou-se uma predominância de sintomatologia dissociativa em pacientes com PTSD (3 pacientes, 27.27%), quando comparados com um paciente com BPD e um com Depressão (9.09%). Verificou-se também que 3 participantes (27.27%) reportaram ter vivido adversidades acima da média. Desses 3, 1 (9.09%) também acusou sintomatologia dissociativa.
Relativamente ao comportamento agressivo, 2 pacientes com PTSD (18.18%) apresentaram valores acima dos de referência em todas as medidas e exibiram comportamento agressivo. Em contexto laboral, 6 participantes (54.54%) experienciaram problemas com colegas e/ou chefias e exibiram comportamento agressivo. Destes 6 participantes, para além dos 2 com PTSD mencionados anteriormente, 1 participante (9.09%) tinha experienciado também adversidades acima da média sem manifestar comportamento agressivo nem apresentar sintomatologia dissociativa, e outro apresentava sintomatologia dissociativa (9.09%) sem ter experienciado adversidades nem manifestar comportamento agressivo na idade adulta.
According to literature, there is an association between high levels of PTSD, BPD, Depression and dissociative symptoms. This being said, this research aims to identify the presence of dissociative symptoms in individuals with the aforementioned diagnoses, and to study its relation to adverse childhood experiences and aggressive behavior in adult life. A battery of psychological instruments was applied to 11 participants with previous diagnoses of PTSD, BPD or depression. The instruments were ACE, which assesses adverse childhood experiences, DES, which assesses dissociative symptoms, and AQ, which assesses aggressive behavior. The results that stand out are the predominance of dissociative symptoms and aggressive behavior in individuals with PTSD, the presence of adverse childhood experiences and dissociative symptoms in an individual with BPD, and the high number of participants (near half) who had results higher than the reference values for dissociative symptoms. There was a predominance of dissociative symptoms in PTSD participants (3 individuals, 27.27%), when compared to one BPD patient and another one with Depression (9.09%). There were also 3 participants (27.27%) who reported to have endured particularly adverse early life experiences. From those 3, 1 (9.09%) also had dissociative symptoms. Concerning the aggressive behavior, 2 patients with PTSD (18.18%) presented results above reference values in all measures and exhibited aggressive behavior. In work context, 6 participants (54.54%) experienced problems with their colleagues and/or employers and aggressive behavior. From these 6, besides from the aformentioned two with PTSD, 1 participant also experienced above average adverse chidhood experiences without having aggressive behavior or dissociative symptoms, and another one presented dissociative symptoms (9.09%) without ever having experienced adverse childhood experiences or having aggressive behavior in adult life.
According to literature, there is an association between high levels of PTSD, BPD, Depression and dissociative symptoms. This being said, this research aims to identify the presence of dissociative symptoms in individuals with the aforementioned diagnoses, and to study its relation to adverse childhood experiences and aggressive behavior in adult life. A battery of psychological instruments was applied to 11 participants with previous diagnoses of PTSD, BPD or depression. The instruments were ACE, which assesses adverse childhood experiences, DES, which assesses dissociative symptoms, and AQ, which assesses aggressive behavior. The results that stand out are the predominance of dissociative symptoms and aggressive behavior in individuals with PTSD, the presence of adverse childhood experiences and dissociative symptoms in an individual with BPD, and the high number of participants (near half) who had results higher than the reference values for dissociative symptoms. There was a predominance of dissociative symptoms in PTSD participants (3 individuals, 27.27%), when compared to one BPD patient and another one with Depression (9.09%). There were also 3 participants (27.27%) who reported to have endured particularly adverse early life experiences. From those 3, 1 (9.09%) also had dissociative symptoms. Concerning the aggressive behavior, 2 patients with PTSD (18.18%) presented results above reference values in all measures and exhibited aggressive behavior. In work context, 6 participants (54.54%) experienced problems with their colleagues and/or employers and aggressive behavior. From these 6, besides from the aformentioned two with PTSD, 1 participant also experienced above average adverse chidhood experiences without having aggressive behavior or dissociative symptoms, and another one presented dissociative symptoms (9.09%) without ever having experienced adverse childhood experiences or having aggressive behavior in adult life.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Sintomatologia dissociativa Experiências adversas na juventude Comportamento agressivo Perturbação de stress pós-traumático Perturbação borderline da personalidade Depressão