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Componentes de um programa de exercício físico com influência na aptidão física e qualidade de vida da pessoa submetida a cirurgia bariátrica: scoping review
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Resumo: A cirurgia bariátrica surge em resposta secundária à obesidade, porque
promove a perda de peso rápida, significativa e sustentada ao longo do tempo. No pós operatório é instituído um regime terapêutico, que garante o sucesso desta cirurgia, através
dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados, segundo as normas orientadoras de cada
instituição. A adesão por parte das pessoas à dieta e exercício físico é essencial para
estimular a perda de peso, prevenir o seu ganho, melhorar as comorbilidades associadas à
obesidade e garantir uma melhoria da aptidão física e da qualidade de vida.
Objetivo: Mapear e analisar a literatura existente relativa aos programas de
exercício físico com influência na aptidão física e qualidade de vida da pessoa submetida
a cirurgia bariátrica, tendo como finalidade contribuir para a síntese de linhas orientadoras
neste âmbito.
Metodologia: A scoping review será realizada de acordo com a metodologia
proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute®
. A pesquisa foi realizada em 20 fontes de evidência,
englobando bases de dados científicas e literatura cinzenta, não tendo sido aplicado limite
temporal à pesquisa. Para a gestão dos recursos bibliográficos foi utilizado o software
EndNote Web®
. O processo metodológico baseou-se no protocolo definido à priori, do qual
constam as etapas de triagem, extração e análise de dados, bem como os instrumentos
definidos e adaptados para o efeito. Dois investigadores independentes realizaram a
pesquisa, a seleção e extração dos dados, recorrendo a um terceiro sempre que necessário.
A síntese descritiva e a análise dos dados seguiram as recomendações do JBI®
.
Resultados: A pesquisa obteve 3553 publicações, sendo que 12 cumpriram os
critérios de elegibilidade e foram integradas na revisão. Os resultados da revisão foram
apresentados de forma sistematizada para garantir uma melhor compreensão dos programas
de exercício físico aplicados nas pessoas submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica, com influência
na aptidão física e qualidade de vida. Os resultados de revisão foram organizados segundo
as componentes de prescrição do exercício físico, o FITT-VP. A evidência analisada
demonstra que os programas de exercício físico aplicados nas pessoas submetidas a cirurgia
bariátrica com influência nos parâmetros antropométricos, melhoria da capacidade
cardiorrespiratória e flexibilidade e aumento da força e resistência muscular, que
contribuem para o impacte positivo na saúde, bem-estar e qualidade de vida.
Conclusões: As componentes de prescrição do exercício físico segundo o FITT-VP
são fundamentais para ajustar os programas de exercício físico à pessoa em pós-operatório
de cirurgia bariátrica. Um programa de exercício físico individualizado e personalizado
causa impacte positivo na melhoria da aptidão física e da qualidade de vida na pessoa
submetida à cirurgia bariátrica. Os resultados obtidos podem contribuir para a definição de
linhas orientadoras para a prescrição de exercício físico nesta população.
Bariatric surgery emerges as a secondary response to obesity because it promotes rapid, significant, and sustained weight loss over time. A therapeutic regimen is instituted in the postoperative period, which ensures the success of this surgery, through the nursing care provided, according to the guidelines of each institution. People's adherence to diet and physical exercise is essential to stimulate weight loss, prevent weight gain, improve obesity-related comorbidities, and ensure improved physical fitness and quality of life. Objective: To map and analyze the existing literature on exercise programs influencing physical fitness and quality of life in people undergoing bariatric surgery to contribute to synthesizing guidelines in this area. Methodology: The Scoping Review will be carried out according to the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute® . The search was carried out in 20 sources of evidence, encompassing scientific databases and gray literature, with no time limit applied to the search. The software EndNote Web® was used to manage the bibliographic resources. The methodological process was based on an a priori-defined protocol, which included the stages of data screening, extraction, and analysis, as well as the instruments defined and adapted for this purpose. Two independent researchers carried out the search, selection, and extraction of data, using a third one whenever necessary. Descriptive synthesis and data analysis followed the JBI® recommendations. Results: The search obtained 3553 publications, 12 of which met the eligibility criteria and were integrated into the review. The review results were presented in a systematized way to ensure a better understanding of physical exercise programs applied in people undergoing bariatric surgery, with an influence on physical fitness and quality of life. The review results were organized according to the physical exercise prescription components, the ITF-VP. The analyzed evidence shows that physical exercise programs applied in people who have undergone bariatric surgery with influence on anthropometric parameters, improved cardiorespiratory capacity and flexibility, and increased muscle strength and endurance, which contribute to the positive impact on health, well-being, and quality of life. Conclusions: The ITF-VP exercise prescription components are essential for adjusting exercise programs for post-bariatric surgery patients. An individualized and personalized exercise program positively impacts physical fitness and quality of life in people who have undergone bariatric surgery. The results obtained may contribute to the definition of guidelines for the prescription of physical exercise in this population.
Bariatric surgery emerges as a secondary response to obesity because it promotes rapid, significant, and sustained weight loss over time. A therapeutic regimen is instituted in the postoperative period, which ensures the success of this surgery, through the nursing care provided, according to the guidelines of each institution. People's adherence to diet and physical exercise is essential to stimulate weight loss, prevent weight gain, improve obesity-related comorbidities, and ensure improved physical fitness and quality of life. Objective: To map and analyze the existing literature on exercise programs influencing physical fitness and quality of life in people undergoing bariatric surgery to contribute to synthesizing guidelines in this area. Methodology: The Scoping Review will be carried out according to the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute® . The search was carried out in 20 sources of evidence, encompassing scientific databases and gray literature, with no time limit applied to the search. The software EndNote Web® was used to manage the bibliographic resources. The methodological process was based on an a priori-defined protocol, which included the stages of data screening, extraction, and analysis, as well as the instruments defined and adapted for this purpose. Two independent researchers carried out the search, selection, and extraction of data, using a third one whenever necessary. Descriptive synthesis and data analysis followed the JBI® recommendations. Results: The search obtained 3553 publications, 12 of which met the eligibility criteria and were integrated into the review. The review results were presented in a systematized way to ensure a better understanding of physical exercise programs applied in people undergoing bariatric surgery, with an influence on physical fitness and quality of life. The review results were organized according to the physical exercise prescription components, the ITF-VP. The analyzed evidence shows that physical exercise programs applied in people who have undergone bariatric surgery with influence on anthropometric parameters, improved cardiorespiratory capacity and flexibility, and increased muscle strength and endurance, which contribute to the positive impact on health, well-being, and quality of life. Conclusions: The ITF-VP exercise prescription components are essential for adjusting exercise programs for post-bariatric surgery patients. An individualized and personalized exercise program positively impacts physical fitness and quality of life in people who have undergone bariatric surgery. The results obtained may contribute to the definition of guidelines for the prescription of physical exercise in this population.
Description
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny e Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado
Keywords
Exercício Físico Aptidão física Qualidade de Vida Enfermagem de reabilitação Cirurgia bariátrica