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Publication
A entrevista em contexto de investigação criminal:pPerceções e práticas dos investigadores da Polícia de Segurança Pública
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| 2.28 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As práticas policiais não devem ser alheias ao conhecimento científico, pelo que a obtenção da prova pessoal deve cimentar-se em preceitos éticos, legais e científicos. O panorama mundial da entrevista policial preconiza uma entrevista orientada para a recolha de informação, devendo para tal assentar em procedimentos técnicos eficazes e respeitadores da pessoa entrevistada. A presente investigação procurou conhecer quais são as boas práticas de entrevista policial; aceder às perceções e práticas de entrevista em contexto formal, pelos investigadores da PSP; aceder às condicionantes ao seu exercício; e, obter conhecimento acerca da formação e necessidades formativas dos polícias. Seguiu-se um método qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, com a aplicação de uma entrevista semiestruturada e semidiretiva a uma amostra de 20 investigadores experientes da Polícia de Segurança Pública, tendo os dados recolhidos sido tratados através da análise de conteúdo categorial. Os resultados permitem verificar que as condicionantes à condução da entrevista são essencialmente de natureza situacional, designadamente, aquelas decorrentes do espaço; as técnicas de entrevista utilizadas são, sobretudo, a construção de rapport, a divulgação de provas e a colocação de perguntas apropriadas; a fase preparatória da entrevista é importante; e, o conhecimento que os polícias têm sobre a entrevista policial foi adquirido, fundamentalmente, de maneira informal através da experiência e com os colegas, concluindo-se que a formação é deficitária. Recomenda-se a elaboração de um manual de procedimentos auxiliar e flexível; a implementação de formação sistemática e atualizada; um acompanhamento pós-formação para consolidação da implementação no terreno; e, a criação de condições espaciais necessárias ao bom exercício da entrevista.
Police practices should not be unaware to scientific knowledge, and obtaining of personal evidence should be based on ethical, legal and scientific precepts. The world panorama of police interview advocates an interview oriented to collect information and should be based on effective technical procedures that respect the interviewee. This research sought to know which are the good practices of police interview; to access the perceptions and practices of interviewing in a formal context, by the PSP investigators; to access the constraints to its exercise; and, to obtain knowledge about the training and training needs of police officers. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory method was followed, with the application of a semi-structured, semi-directive interview to a sample of 20 experienced investigators from the Public Security Police. The results allow us to verify that the constraints on the conduct of the interview are essentially of a situational nature, namely those arising from the room; the interview techniques used are, above all, the building of rapport, the disclosure of evidence, and the asking of appropriate questions; the preparatory phase of the interview is important; and, the knowledge that the police officers have about the police interview was acquired, fundamentally, in an informal manner through experience and with colleagues, concluding that training is deficient. It is recommended that an auxiliary and flexible procedures manual be developed; that systematic and up-to-date training be implemented; that post-training follow-ups take place to consolidate the implementation in the field; and, that the necessary spatial conditions for the proper exercise of the interview be created.
Police practices should not be unaware to scientific knowledge, and obtaining of personal evidence should be based on ethical, legal and scientific precepts. The world panorama of police interview advocates an interview oriented to collect information and should be based on effective technical procedures that respect the interviewee. This research sought to know which are the good practices of police interview; to access the perceptions and practices of interviewing in a formal context, by the PSP investigators; to access the constraints to its exercise; and, to obtain knowledge about the training and training needs of police officers. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory method was followed, with the application of a semi-structured, semi-directive interview to a sample of 20 experienced investigators from the Public Security Police. The results allow us to verify that the constraints on the conduct of the interview are essentially of a situational nature, namely those arising from the room; the interview techniques used are, above all, the building of rapport, the disclosure of evidence, and the asking of appropriate questions; the preparatory phase of the interview is important; and, the knowledge that the police officers have about the police interview was acquired, fundamentally, in an informal manner through experience and with colleagues, concluding that training is deficient. It is recommended that an auxiliary and flexible procedures manual be developed; that systematic and up-to-date training be implemented; that post-training follow-ups take place to consolidate the implementation in the field; and, that the necessary spatial conditions for the proper exercise of the interview be created.
Description
Keywords
Entrevista policial Técnicas de entrevista Prova pessoal Policia de segurança pública Police interview Interview techniques Ppersonal evidence Public Security Police