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Publication
Diagnóstico laboratorial e monitorização da Diabetes mellitus
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 1.54 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma pandemia global devido a alteração do estilo de vida das populações, nomeadamente à obesidade e à falta de atividade física. Acresce ainda para o efeito, o aumento da esperança de vida, registado nas ultimas décadas. A Diabetes Mellitus é uma doença crónica com alteração do metabolismo dos carbohidratos, proteínas e lípidos, caracterizada por hiperglicemia crónica, devido a defeito na secreção de insulina, na ação da insulina ou em ambos.
O laboratório de Análises Clínicas desempenha um papel importante no diagnóstico e monitorização da DM. O diagnóstico é efetuado com base nos níveis de glicose plasmática em jejum, glicemia ocasional, pela prova de tolerância à glicose oral ou pela determinação da hemoglobina glicada, mais recentemente.
A monitorização da Diabetes tem como objetivo a prevenção sobretudo das complicações microvasculares provocadas por níveis hiperglicémicos crónicos no
sangue. Os parâmetros mais utilizados na monitorização da DM, são a glicemia, a
Hemoglobina glicada A1c (HbA1c), a microalbuminúria e corpos cetónicos. Nos últimos
anos têm surgido outros parâmetros como a albumina glicada e o 1,5 androglucitol para
a monitorização da DM.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic caused by changes in people’s way of life, namely obesity and lack of physical activity. Furthermore, the increase in life expectancy witnessed over the past decades has also contributed to the disease outbreak. DM is a chronicle disease, which changes carbohydrates, proteins and lipids metabolisms, characterized by chronicle hyperglycemia, due to defected insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The Clinical Analysis Laboratory has an important role in DM diagnosis and monitoring. The diagnosis is based on the plasmatic glucose levels in fasting, occasional glucose, oral glucose tolerance test or, more recently, the determination of glycated hemoglobin. The goal of DM monitoring is to prevent mostly microvascular complications motivated by blood chronic hyperglycemic levels. The most commonly used parameters for DM monitoring are glycemia, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), microalbuminuria and ketone bodies. Over recent years, other parameters such as glycated albumin and 1,5 anhydroglucitol have appeared to monitor DM.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic caused by changes in people’s way of life, namely obesity and lack of physical activity. Furthermore, the increase in life expectancy witnessed over the past decades has also contributed to the disease outbreak. DM is a chronicle disease, which changes carbohydrates, proteins and lipids metabolisms, characterized by chronicle hyperglycemia, due to defected insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The Clinical Analysis Laboratory has an important role in DM diagnosis and monitoring. The diagnosis is based on the plasmatic glucose levels in fasting, occasional glucose, oral glucose tolerance test or, more recently, the determination of glycated hemoglobin. The goal of DM monitoring is to prevent mostly microvascular complications motivated by blood chronic hyperglycemic levels. The most commonly used parameters for DM monitoring are glycemia, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), microalbuminuria and ketone bodies. Over recent years, other parameters such as glycated albumin and 1,5 anhydroglucitol have appeared to monitor DM.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus Diagnóstico Monitorização hemoglobina glicada