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Divulgação e avaliação do trabalho científico : sensibilidades e práticas de investigadores portugueses da área da saúde
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Introdução: Num contexto de acesso aberto à informação e de access revolution, os investigadores libertam-se de um meio fechado e, muitas vezes, pago para produzir ciência num ambiente livre e aberto a todos os públicos. Esta é a chamada Ciência Aberta, uma infraestrutura pragmática, pública e democrática, onde existe partilha de conhecimento entre a comunidade científica, a sociedade e as empresas, com consequente ampliação do reconhecimento e do impacto social e económico da ciência. Assim, entre diversas vantagens para os investigadores e para as instituições, a Ciência Aberta veio concretizar novos meios de divulgação e de avaliação do trabalho científico, nomeadamente através de altmetrics ou métricas alternativas, em português. Com estas métricas, é possível obter informação sobre o alcance e o uso de trabalhos científicos, que seriam muito difíceis ou até impossíveis de alcançar através dos métodos tradicionais; daí que estas constituam um contributo significativo para a construção de um novo paradigma avaliativo em Ciência Aberta. Neste âmbito, em Portugal, e nos últimos anos, registam-se progressos significativos, havendo diversas instituições académicas a dinamizar ações de sensibilização e de informação nas suas comunidades. Objetivo: Aferir a sensibilidade e as práticas de investigadores portugueses no que toca à divulgação e avaliação do seu trabalho em Ciência Aberta. Métodos: Selecionaram-se, como amostra por conveniência, os docentes dos cursos de licenciatura em enfermagem e em fisioterapia da Escola Superior de Saúde de Santa Maria (Porto), onde um estudo de caso foi realizado. Em outubro de 2017, a biblioteca desta instituição de ensino levou a cabo uma iniciativa alusiva à Semana Internacional do Acesso Aberto, no sentido de sensibilizar e informar a comunidade académica sobre a importância da Ciência Aberta. Com este antecedente foi pedido aos docentes desta escola que respondessem a um questionário sobre esta temática. Resultados: Responderam ao questionário 20 dos 32 docentes da amostra, o que corresponde a 62,5% da população-alvo. Verificou-se que a maioria dos respondentes (70%) procura publicar o seu trabalho científico em acesso aberto. No entanto, apenas 45% consideram que estas plataformas são importantes para a sua avaliação e outros 45% têm dúvidas. Apesar de a maioria (90%) afirmar que os dados provenientes das plataformas alternativas não são objeto de análise e utilização pela instituição para a sua avaliação académica, mais de metade (60%) considera que deveriam ser. A maioria dos inquiridos (75%) pensa ser necessária e importante a realização de atividades futuras sobre Ciência Aberta. Conclusões: A maioria destes investigadores mostra-se sensível à questão do acesso aberto e, nas suas práticas de divulgação do trabalho científico, recorrem a plataformas alternativas, embora estes dados não tenham peso na avaliação académica. Face aos resultados considera-se que existe abertura para uma mudança mais consistente de práticas em favor do acesso aberto e para novos modelos avaliativos do trabalho científico.
Introduction: In a context of Open Access to information and access revolution, researchers free themselves from a closed and often paid background to produce Science in a free environment open to all audiences. This is called Open Science, a pragmatic, public and democratic infrastructure. Here, there is knowledge sharing among the scientific community, society and business, with a consequent increase in the recognition and social and economic impact of Science. Thus, among several advantages for researchers and institutions, Open Science has come to recognize new means of dissemination and assessment of scientific work, namely through altmetrics or alternative metrics in Portuguese. With these metrics, it is possible to obtain information on the reach and use of scientific works, which would be very difficult or even impossible to achieve through traditional methods. Hence, alternative metrics constitute a significant contribution to the construction of a new evaluative paradigm in Open Science. In this context, in Portugal and in the last years, significant progress has been made, with several academic institutions promoting awareness and information activities in their communities. Main purpose: With this framework, a study that aims to measure the sensitivity and practices of Portuguese researchers in the dissemination and assessment of their work in Open Science is relevant. Methodology: In order to do so, we sampled, as a convenience sample, the professors of the Nursing and Physical Therapy degree courses of the Santa Maria Higher School of Health (Porto), where a case study was carried out. In October 2017, the library of this institution carried out an initiative related to the International Open Access Week, in order to enlarge awareness and inform the academic community about the importance of Open Science. With this antecedent, the professors of this school were asked to answer a small questionnaire on this subject. Results: 20 of the 32 professors answered the, corresponding to 62.5% of the target population. It was verified that most respondents (70%) seek to publish their scientific work in open access, however only 45% consider that these platforms are important for their assessment and another 45% have doubts. Although most of them (90%) sustain that the data coming from the alternative platforms are not analyzed and used by the institution for its academic assessment, but more than half (60%) consider that they should be. A considerable majority of respondents (75%) believe that future Open Science activities are necessary and important. Conclusions: Most of these researchers are sensitive to the issue of Open Access and, in their practices of dissemination of scientific work, use alternative platforms, although these data do not have weight in the academic assessment. Given the results, it is considered that there is openness for a more consistent change of practices in favor of Open Access and for new evaluative models of scientific work.
Introduction: In a context of Open Access to information and access revolution, researchers free themselves from a closed and often paid background to produce Science in a free environment open to all audiences. This is called Open Science, a pragmatic, public and democratic infrastructure. Here, there is knowledge sharing among the scientific community, society and business, with a consequent increase in the recognition and social and economic impact of Science. Thus, among several advantages for researchers and institutions, Open Science has come to recognize new means of dissemination and assessment of scientific work, namely through altmetrics or alternative metrics in Portuguese. With these metrics, it is possible to obtain information on the reach and use of scientific works, which would be very difficult or even impossible to achieve through traditional methods. Hence, alternative metrics constitute a significant contribution to the construction of a new evaluative paradigm in Open Science. In this context, in Portugal and in the last years, significant progress has been made, with several academic institutions promoting awareness and information activities in their communities. Main purpose: With this framework, a study that aims to measure the sensitivity and practices of Portuguese researchers in the dissemination and assessment of their work in Open Science is relevant. Methodology: In order to do so, we sampled, as a convenience sample, the professors of the Nursing and Physical Therapy degree courses of the Santa Maria Higher School of Health (Porto), where a case study was carried out. In October 2017, the library of this institution carried out an initiative related to the International Open Access Week, in order to enlarge awareness and inform the academic community about the importance of Open Science. With this antecedent, the professors of this school were asked to answer a small questionnaire on this subject. Results: 20 of the 32 professors answered the, corresponding to 62.5% of the target population. It was verified that most respondents (70%) seek to publish their scientific work in open access, however only 45% consider that these platforms are important for their assessment and another 45% have doubts. Although most of them (90%) sustain that the data coming from the alternative platforms are not analyzed and used by the institution for its academic assessment, but more than half (60%) consider that they should be. A considerable majority of respondents (75%) believe that future Open Science activities are necessary and important. Conclusions: Most of these researchers are sensitive to the issue of Open Access and, in their practices of dissemination of scientific work, use alternative platforms, although these data do not have weight in the academic assessment. Given the results, it is considered that there is openness for a more consistent change of practices in favor of Open Access and for new evaluative models of scientific work.
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Acesso aberto Ciência aberta Métricas alternativas
Citation
Publisher
Associação Portuguesa de Documentação e Informação de Saúde