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Publication
Integração de sistemas de gestão em Portugal
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| 3.62 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Durante a primeira década deste milénio assistiu-se à proliferação de referenciais de sistemas de gestão à escala mundial. Esta diversidade de referenciais normativos acompanhou a evolução das necessidades das organizações na sistematização e optimização dos seus subsistemas de gestão – por imperativos de mercado, regulamentações legais/estatutárias, preocupações de eficiência e controlo operacionais - determinando uma adesão crescente das organizações à certificação de sistemas de gestão, com incidência para a qualidade, ambiente e segurança e saúde do trabalho.
Perante esta tendência, os organismos de normalização optaram por fazer evoluir os vários referenciais no sentido da respectiva harmonização e alinhamento, a nível da estrutura e requisitos. Tal sistematização constituiu um contributo orientativo importante para as organizações, na integração dos sistemas de gestão, tendo sido reconhecido um balanço positivo entre vantagens/desvantagens na adopção deste tipo de abordagem.
Os resultados de vários trabalhos publicados neste âmbito evidenciaram que uma das dificuldades das organizações em integrar os seus sistemas de gestão resulta da compreensão dos referenciais normativos e de uma utilização, que se impõe, harmonizada entre eles. Esta necessidade justificou iniciativas tomadas por organismos de normalização de alguns países, que desenvolveram documentos normativos com linhas de orientação neste domínio. No que diz respeito à realidade nacional, não existe qualquer referencial ou guia de orientação para a integração de sistemas de gestão. Nas organizações portuguesas, decorrida mais de uma década de coexistência de vários subsistemas de gestão, a sua efectiva integração ainda não é uma realidade corrente.
Revelou-se pertinente o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, com o intuito de melhor conhecer a integração de sistemas de gestão, tendo por base a formulação de um conjunto de questões com o intuito de obter respostas sobre: contributo dos normativos; evolução da integração de sistemas de gestão, designadamente em Portugal; modelos e metodologias a adoptar para a integração de sistemas de gestão; em que medida são integráveis os sistemas de gestão e como se estabelecem e caracterizam os níveis de integração; quais os principais contributos para permitir maiores níveis de integração e quais os benefícios decorrentes; de que modo a integração dos sistemas de gestão pode potenciar a inovação e excelência nas organizações.
O conjunto de questões formuladas encontraram resposta, de forma directa e correlacionada, através dos resultados do tratamento e análise dos dados (primários) recolhidos neste estudo, em Portugal – entrevistas a auditores, entidades/personalidades e organizações casos de estudo - triangulados com a análise de dados (secundários) provenientes de resultados e conclusões de estudos teóricos e empíricos com abrangência internacional, recolhidos na revisão bibliográfica efectuada.
Foi ainda elaborada uma abordagem orientadora para implementação e manutenção de sistemas de gestão integrados – particularmente focada na qualidade, ambiente e segurança, mas facilmente adaptável a outros subsistemas de gestão – de suporte às organizações portuguesas na condução dos seus sistemas de gestão pela via da integração.
Throughout the first decade of this millennium a proliferation of management systems standards arose worldwide. This referential diversity followed the evolving needs of organizations in order to organize and optimize their management systems - by market imperatives, legal and statutory regulations, efficiency and operational internal control concerns - determining a growing adherence of organizations to certify their management systems - with focus on quality, environment and occupational health and safety. Given this trend, standardization bodies have chosen to evolve the various standards towards the harmonization and alignment in these structure and requirements. Such systematization was an important contribution guidance for organizations management systems integration way and has been recognized as a positive balance between advantages/disadvantages in adopting this approach. The results of several studies published in this field showed that one of the difficulties faced by organizations to integrate their management systems, resulting from the understanding of related standards and a harmonized use among them. This fact justifies initiatives conducted by several national standard bodies that have developed normative documents with guidelines in this area. With regard to the Portuguese reality, there are no standards or guidance publications for management systems integration. Among the Portuguese organizations, held more than a decade of coexistence of different management systems, their effective integration is still not a current reality. The development of this work proved to be relevant, in order to better understand the integration of management systems, based on a set of questions formulated to get answers on: contribution of standards and management systems integration evolution, particularly in Portugal; models and methodologies to be adopted for the integration of management systems; to what extent is possible and/or desired to integrate management systems; how to establish and characterize levels of integration; which are the main contributors to enable higher levels of integration and the benefits arising; how the integration of management systems can empower innovation and excellence in organizations. This set of questions, found response by a direct and a correlated way, through the results of processed data, collected directly in this study, in Portugal (interviews with auditors, other specialist and organizations case studies) triangulated with data analysis from results and conclusions of theoretical and empirical studies – with an international dimension - considered in the literature review. It was further elaborated an approach to guideline on implementation and maintenance of integrated management systems - particularly focusing on quality, environment and safety (but easily adaptable to other management systems) – to support the Portuguese organizations in conduction of their management systems, through the integration.
Throughout the first decade of this millennium a proliferation of management systems standards arose worldwide. This referential diversity followed the evolving needs of organizations in order to organize and optimize their management systems - by market imperatives, legal and statutory regulations, efficiency and operational internal control concerns - determining a growing adherence of organizations to certify their management systems - with focus on quality, environment and occupational health and safety. Given this trend, standardization bodies have chosen to evolve the various standards towards the harmonization and alignment in these structure and requirements. Such systematization was an important contribution guidance for organizations management systems integration way and has been recognized as a positive balance between advantages/disadvantages in adopting this approach. The results of several studies published in this field showed that one of the difficulties faced by organizations to integrate their management systems, resulting from the understanding of related standards and a harmonized use among them. This fact justifies initiatives conducted by several national standard bodies that have developed normative documents with guidelines in this area. With regard to the Portuguese reality, there are no standards or guidance publications for management systems integration. Among the Portuguese organizations, held more than a decade of coexistence of different management systems, their effective integration is still not a current reality. The development of this work proved to be relevant, in order to better understand the integration of management systems, based on a set of questions formulated to get answers on: contribution of standards and management systems integration evolution, particularly in Portugal; models and methodologies to be adopted for the integration of management systems; to what extent is possible and/or desired to integrate management systems; how to establish and characterize levels of integration; which are the main contributors to enable higher levels of integration and the benefits arising; how the integration of management systems can empower innovation and excellence in organizations. This set of questions, found response by a direct and a correlated way, through the results of processed data, collected directly in this study, in Portugal (interviews with auditors, other specialist and organizations case studies) triangulated with data analysis from results and conclusions of theoretical and empirical studies – with an international dimension - considered in the literature review. It was further elaborated an approach to guideline on implementation and maintenance of integrated management systems - particularly focusing on quality, environment and safety (but easily adaptable to other management systems) – to support the Portuguese organizations in conduction of their management systems, through the integration.
Description
Keywords
Sistemas de gestão Integração de sistemas de gestão Sistemas integrados, qualidade, ambiente e segurança Elementos dos sistemas de gestão Management systems Management systems integration Quality, environment and safety integrated management systems Management systems elements