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Da prova de reconhecimento, reconhecimento de pessoas, novas abordagens à luz da evolução científica
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Abstract(s)
O presente artigo visa abordar a temática relacionada com a prova de reconhecimento
de pessoas, na sua componente relativa ao direito positivo, plasmado no artigo 147.º do Có digo de Processo Penal e a componente psicológica das testemunhas, no que se refere à cri ação e retenção de memórias, pretendeu-se perceber, a influência das memórias originais e
a possibilidade da sua alteração, contaminação ou distorção e em que medida essas altera ções, influenciam em condenações judiciais e possibilitam erros judiciários. Quais os fatores
que influem na memória, como são criadas as memórias falsas e em que medida poderá
existir falibilidade no processo de recuperação e reconstituição dessas mesmas memórias,
evidenciando-se algumas práticas desenvolvidas pelos vários atores do sistema judicial, quer
sejam órgãos de polícia criminal ou magistrados, que poderão contribuir para essa falibili dade. Pretendeu-se deixar pistas para que os investigadores criminais, possam abordar esta
temática de forma mais científica e de alguma forma minimizar a possibilidade de erro, fa cilitando a recolha da prova nos atos de reconhecimento de p
This article aims to address the issues associated with the proof of eyewitness iden tification, in its element related to positive law, based on Article 147 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and the psychological component of witnesses, concerning the creation and re tention of memories, it was intended to understand, the influence of the original memory and the possibility of their alteration, contamination or distortion and to what extent these alter ations, influence the judicial convictions and enable judicial errors. Which factors influence memory, how false memories are created, and to what extent there may be fallibility in the process of recovery and reconstitution of these memories, showing some of the practices developed by the several actors of the judicial system, whether police agencies or magis trates, that contribute to this fallibility. It was intended to leave clues to the criminal investi gators to new scientific approaches to this issue that somehow will minimize the possibility of error, facilitating the collection of evidence in eyewitness identification.
This article aims to address the issues associated with the proof of eyewitness iden tification, in its element related to positive law, based on Article 147 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and the psychological component of witnesses, concerning the creation and re tention of memories, it was intended to understand, the influence of the original memory and the possibility of their alteration, contamination or distortion and to what extent these alter ations, influence the judicial convictions and enable judicial errors. Which factors influence memory, how false memories are created, and to what extent there may be fallibility in the process of recovery and reconstitution of these memories, showing some of the practices developed by the several actors of the judicial system, whether police agencies or magis trates, that contribute to this fallibility. It was intended to leave clues to the criminal investi gators to new scientific approaches to this issue that somehow will minimize the possibility of error, facilitating the collection of evidence in eyewitness identification.
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Keywords
Reconhecimento de Pessoas Distorção da Memória Falsas memórias Eyewitness identification Memory distortion False memory