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A disputa geopolítica do espaço no século XXI: os atores internacionais, a estratégia e as possibilidades para Portugal
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A par da terra, ar, mar e ciberespaço, o Espaço Exterior é o mais recente domínio operacional. Nas últimas décadas, têm sido vários os Estados que se têm apercebido do potencial que o Espaço tem e da maior dependência que as suas atividades quotidianas, bem como as atividades das suas populações, têm em relação ao Espaço. Logo, pode afirmar-se que neste momento, existe uma disputa geopolítica pelo Espaço. Enquanto que nas primeiras décadas da exploração do Espaço, esta disputa assentava maioritariamente numa luta pelo prestígio nacional, hoje em dia esta disputa baseia-se em duas grandes componentes: a económica e a da defesa, tal como se tentará provar.
Apoiada no pensamento Realista Estrutural Defensivo, esta dissertação procura demonstrar as tendências evolutivas demonstradas pelos países da NATO na disputa do Espaço, utilizando os casos dos Estados Unidos da América, França e Reino Unido, tecendo as respetivas conclusões. Numa fase posterior, pretende-se que estas conclusões sejam aproveitadas para sugerir ações estratégicas para Portugal e verificar as suas possibilidades futuras no âmbito da disputa do Espaço Exterior. Poderá pensar-se que Portugal não possui argumentos suficientes para participar, por direito próprio, nesta disputa, devido à falta evidente de recursos financeiros ou tecnológicos. No entanto, será que observando as estratégias e políticas espaciais dos outros países, bem como os instrumentos que utilizam para disputar o Espaço, este raciocínio continua a verificar-se?
Alongside land, air, sea and cyberspace, Outer Space is the most recent operational domain. In the past decades, several States have realized the potential of Space and the growing dependence that their daily activities, as well as the activities of their populations, have in relation to Space. Therefore, it can be said that, at this moment, there is a geopolical dispute over Space. While in the first decades of Space exploration, this dispute was based mostly on a fight for national prestige, nowadays this dispute is based on two major components: the economic and the defence, as it will be proved in this work. Supported by Defensive Structural Realist thinking, this dissertation seeks to demonstrate the evolutionary trends shown by NATO countries in the dispute over Space, using the cases of the United States of America, France and the United Kingdom, drwaing the respective conclusions. At a later stage, i tis intended that these conclusions will be used to suggest strategic actions for Portugal and verify its future possibilities within the scope of the Outer Space Dispute. One might think that Portugal does not have enough arguments to be in this dispute with its own means, due to the lack of financial or technological resources. However, studing the space estrategies and space policys of other countries, and the instruments they use to dispute space, will this thought be true?
Alongside land, air, sea and cyberspace, Outer Space is the most recent operational domain. In the past decades, several States have realized the potential of Space and the growing dependence that their daily activities, as well as the activities of their populations, have in relation to Space. Therefore, it can be said that, at this moment, there is a geopolical dispute over Space. While in the first decades of Space exploration, this dispute was based mostly on a fight for national prestige, nowadays this dispute is based on two major components: the economic and the defence, as it will be proved in this work. Supported by Defensive Structural Realist thinking, this dissertation seeks to demonstrate the evolutionary trends shown by NATO countries in the dispute over Space, using the cases of the United States of America, France and the United Kingdom, drwaing the respective conclusions. At a later stage, i tis intended that these conclusions will be used to suggest strategic actions for Portugal and verify its future possibilities within the scope of the Outer Space Dispute. One might think that Portugal does not have enough arguments to be in this dispute with its own means, due to the lack of financial or technological resources. However, studing the space estrategies and space policys of other countries, and the instruments they use to dispute space, will this thought be true?
Description
Aspirante a Oficial–Aluno Piloto–Aviador 140671-L Filipe Miguel Nabais Nabeiro
Dissertação para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Aeronáutica Militar, na Especialidade de Piloto – Aviador
Júri
Presidente: MGEN/PILAV João Manuel Cardeiro Caldas
Orientadora: Professora Doutora Sandra Maria Rodrigues Balão
Coorientador: COR/TODCI Luís Manuel Pinto de Almeida da Rocha
Vogal: Professora Doutora Vanessa Rei
Keywords
Espaço exterior Estado Geopolítica Estratégia Satélites Outer Space State Geopolitics Strategy Satellites
Citation
Publisher
Academia da Força Aérea