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Necessidades do cuidador informal da pessoa idosa com síndrome demencial
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| 2.54 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Este Relatório de Estágio, elaborado no âmbito do Mestrado em Enfermagem
na Área de Especialização em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, pretende
retratar as aprendizagens dos dois estágios que alicerçam a aquisição e o
desenvolvimento de competências específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde
Mental e Psiquiátrica (EESMP), baseadas na experiência da prestação de cuidados
ao cuidador informal da pessoa idosa com síndrome demencial e
adolescentes/adultos jovens.
O primeiro estágio decorreu num serviço de internamento de psiquiatria de um
hospital da região de Lisboa, no período de 23 de novembro de 2020 a 7 de fevereiro
de 2021. Posteriormente, na vertente comunitária, o estágio decorreu numa Unidade
de Cuidados na Comunidade (UCC) da região do Oeste, de 15 de fevereiro de 2021
a 16 de abril de 2021.
Foi desenvolvida uma estratégia baseada na metodologia qualitativa,
integrando e desenvolvendo atividades terapêuticas em cada serviço, recorrendo à
realização de entrevistas não estruturadas, observação participante e elaboração de
notas de campo que serviram de base a este relatório. A relação terapêutica
constituiu-se a essência de todo o projeto desenvolvido, uma ferramenta
indispensável no cuidar do outro, e indispensável para o EESMP. Para
fundamentação das intervenções terapêuticas desenvolvidas procedeu-se à
realização de uma revisão da literatura.
A identificação das necessidades particulares dos cuidadores informais da
pessoa idosa com síndrome demencial, foi fundamental para a adaptação das
intervenções terapêuticas que lhe foram dirigidas. Verificou-se que as necessidades
se vão alterando com a progressão da demência, e são vivenciadas de forma
individual, perante o contexto e experiência do cuidador. As intervenções
psicoeducativas, o aconselhamento e apoio emocional, numa abordagem
individualizada, traduziram-se numa melhoria do bem-estar emocional do cuidador,
aumento de competências para cuidar, aquisição de estratégias de resolução de
problemas, com consequente melhoria da perceção de autoeficácia e satisfação no
papel desempenhado.
The present internship report is part of the Master’s in Nursing, Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing Specialization. This report contains and reinforces the learnings acquired in two distinct internship experiences which allowed the development of skills and competences essential for a Psychiatry and Mental Health Specialized Nurse based on the experience of providing care to the informal caregiver of the elderly with dementia syndrome and teenagers/young adults. The first internship took place in a psychiatric inpatient service of a hospital in the Lisbon region, from November 23rd, 2020 to February 7th, 2021. Subsequently, in the community standpoint, the internship took place in a Community Care Unit (UCC) of the Oeste region, from February 15th to April 16th, 2021. A strategy based on qualitative methodology was developed, integrating, and using therapeutic activities in each service, using unstructured interviews, participant observation and preparation of field notes that are the basis of this report. Therapeutic interaction is determinant to the essence of any project developed, a key tool in caring for others, and crucial for Psychiatry and Mental Health Specialized Nurse. Moreover, a literature review was carried out to support the therapeutic interventions developed in this study. Identification of the specific needs of the informal caregivers of the elderly person with dementia syndrome was fundamental for the adaptation of the therapeutic interventions that were addressed to them. It was found that the needs evolve with the progression of dementia, and are experienced individually, in the context and experience of the caregiver. Psychoeducational interventions, counseling, and emotional support represented individualized approach and resulted in caregiver's emotional well-being improvement, increased care skills, acquisition of problem-solving strategies, resulting in self-efficacy perception improvement and fulfilment in the role played.
The present internship report is part of the Master’s in Nursing, Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing Specialization. This report contains and reinforces the learnings acquired in two distinct internship experiences which allowed the development of skills and competences essential for a Psychiatry and Mental Health Specialized Nurse based on the experience of providing care to the informal caregiver of the elderly with dementia syndrome and teenagers/young adults. The first internship took place in a psychiatric inpatient service of a hospital in the Lisbon region, from November 23rd, 2020 to February 7th, 2021. Subsequently, in the community standpoint, the internship took place in a Community Care Unit (UCC) of the Oeste region, from February 15th to April 16th, 2021. A strategy based on qualitative methodology was developed, integrating, and using therapeutic activities in each service, using unstructured interviews, participant observation and preparation of field notes that are the basis of this report. Therapeutic interaction is determinant to the essence of any project developed, a key tool in caring for others, and crucial for Psychiatry and Mental Health Specialized Nurse. Moreover, a literature review was carried out to support the therapeutic interventions developed in this study. Identification of the specific needs of the informal caregivers of the elderly person with dementia syndrome was fundamental for the adaptation of the therapeutic interventions that were addressed to them. It was found that the needs evolve with the progression of dementia, and are experienced individually, in the context and experience of the caregiver. Psychoeducational interventions, counseling, and emotional support represented individualized approach and resulted in caregiver's emotional well-being improvement, increased care skills, acquisition of problem-solving strategies, resulting in self-efficacy perception improvement and fulfilment in the role played.
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Keywords
Enfermagem psiquiátrica Cuidadores Idoso Demência