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Relação entre a vinculação ansiosa e trauma secundário em prestadores de cuidados informais de pacientes com doenças neurodegenerativas: Papel mediador da sobrecarga das reações a exigências nos cuidados prestados
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Abstract(s)
Este estudo investiga a relação entre a vinculação, com ênfase na vinculação ansiosa, e o desenvolvimento de stress traumático secundário em cuidadores informais de pacientes com doenças neurodegenerativas, como Alzheimer e Parkinson. A pesquisa destaca o papel mediador da sobrecarga, particularmente as reações emocionais e psicológicas dos cuidadores diante das demandas do cuidado.
A vinculação ansiosa, caracterizada por uma necessidade intensa de proximidade e um medo constante de rejeição, sendo apontada como um fator de risco significativo para o desenvolvimento de trauma secundário. Cuidadores com esse estilo de vinculação tendem a vivenciar níveis elevados de sobrecarga emocional, percebendo as exigências do cuidado como excessivamente desafiadoras e difíceis de manejar. Essa sobrecarga, por sua vez, atua como um mediador na relação entre a vinculação ansiosa e o desenvolvimento de stress traumático secundário, amplificando os efeitos adversos do estilo de vinculação na saúde mental do cuidador.
Os achados sugerem que intervenções destinadas a
reduzir a sobrecarga percebida, tanto em termos de reações emocionais quanto de demandas práticas, podem mitigar o impacto da vinculação ansiosa no desenvolvimento de stress traumático secundário. Estratégias como o fortalecimento do suporte social, a capacitação dos cuidadores para lidar melhor com as exigências do cuidado, e o acesso a serviços de alívio de sobrecarga são recomendadas para melhorar o bem-estar dos cuidadores e prevenir o surgimento do trauma secundário.
This study investigates the relationship between attachment with an emphasis on anxious attachment, and the development of secondary traumatic stress in informal caregivers of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The research highlights the mediating role of burden, particularly the emotional and psychological reactions of caregivers to the demands of care. Anxious attachment, characterized by an intense need for closeness and a constant fear of rejection, is identified as a significant risk factor for the development of secondary trauma. Caregivers with this style of attachment tend to experience high levels of emotional overload, perceiving the demands of care as excessively challenging and difficult to handle. This overload, in turn, acts as a mediator in the relationship between anxious attachment and the development of secondary traumatic stress, amplifying the adverse effects of the attachment style on the caregiver's mental health. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing the perceived burden, both in terms of emotional reactions and practical demands, can mitigate the impact of anxious attachment on the development of secondary traumatic stress. Strategies such as strengthening social support, training caregivers to better cope with the demands of caregiving, and access to burden relief services are recommended to improve caregivers' well-being and prevent the onset of secondary trauma.
This study investigates the relationship between attachment with an emphasis on anxious attachment, and the development of secondary traumatic stress in informal caregivers of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The research highlights the mediating role of burden, particularly the emotional and psychological reactions of caregivers to the demands of care. Anxious attachment, characterized by an intense need for closeness and a constant fear of rejection, is identified as a significant risk factor for the development of secondary trauma. Caregivers with this style of attachment tend to experience high levels of emotional overload, perceiving the demands of care as excessively challenging and difficult to handle. This overload, in turn, acts as a mediator in the relationship between anxious attachment and the development of secondary traumatic stress, amplifying the adverse effects of the attachment style on the caregiver's mental health. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing the perceived burden, both in terms of emotional reactions and practical demands, can mitigate the impact of anxious attachment on the development of secondary traumatic stress. Strategies such as strengthening social support, training caregivers to better cope with the demands of caregiving, and access to burden relief services are recommended to improve caregivers' well-being and prevent the onset of secondary trauma.
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Keywords
Stress traumático secundário Vinculação ansiosa Sobrecarga das reações a exigências