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Agressoras sexuais : crenças de legitimação do abuso sexual
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Abstract(s)
Estudos sobre agressoras sexuais femininas ainda são escassos, mas sugerem que essas mulheres frequentemente apresentam distorções cognitivas que as levam a minimizar ou justificar a perpetração de abuso sexual. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar essas distorções e crenças em mulheres que abusaram de crianças, identificando as suas perceções e justificações face aos crimes cometidos.
Reuniu-se um total de cinco participantes, às quais foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, com recurso ao software NVivo14, foram identificadas crenças distorcidas, como a responsabilização das vítimas e a negação da gravidade do abuso. A investigação veio reforçar aquilo que se encontrou na literatura, relativamente ao facto das agressoras manterem uma perceção influenciada por estereótipos de género, o que dificulta a aceitação de que mulheres possam ser agressoras.
Os principais resultados indicaram que 52,8% das participantes negaram a culpabilidade, 22,2% minimizaram seus atos, considerando-os erros isolados, enquanto 25% mostram alguma responsabilização pelos seus crimes e 13,6% atribuíram a causalidade do abuso às próprias vítimas. Conclui-se que o entendimento dessas distorções cognitivas e da influência dos estereótipos de género é essencial para fundamentar intervenções psicológicas adequadas e desafiar percepções culturais que tornam invisíveis as mulheres enquanto agressoras.
Studies on female female sexual offenders are still scarce, but suggest that these women often present cognitive distortions that lead them to minimize or justify the perpetration of sexual abuse. This study aimed to investigate these distortions and beliefs in women who have abused children, identifying their perceptions and justifications for the crimes committed. A total of five participants were interviewed and a semi-structured interview was carried out. Using a qualitative approach and NVivo14 software, distorted beliefs were identified, such as blaming the victims and denying the seriousness of the abuse. The research reinforced what has been found in the literature, regarding the fact that female perpetrators maintain a perception influenced by gender stereotypes, which makes it difficult to accept that women can be perpetrators. The main results indicated that 52.8% of the participants denied culpability, 22.2% minimized their actions, considering them isolated mistakes, while 25% showed some responsibility for their crimes and 13.6% attributed the causality of the abuse to the victims themselves. We conclude that understanding these cognitive distortions and the influence of gender stereotypes is essential in order to support appropriate psychological interventions and challenge cultural perceptions that make women invisible as aggressors.
Studies on female female sexual offenders are still scarce, but suggest that these women often present cognitive distortions that lead them to minimize or justify the perpetration of sexual abuse. This study aimed to investigate these distortions and beliefs in women who have abused children, identifying their perceptions and justifications for the crimes committed. A total of five participants were interviewed and a semi-structured interview was carried out. Using a qualitative approach and NVivo14 software, distorted beliefs were identified, such as blaming the victims and denying the seriousness of the abuse. The research reinforced what has been found in the literature, regarding the fact that female perpetrators maintain a perception influenced by gender stereotypes, which makes it difficult to accept that women can be perpetrators. The main results indicated that 52.8% of the participants denied culpability, 22.2% minimized their actions, considering them isolated mistakes, while 25% showed some responsibility for their crimes and 13.6% attributed the causality of the abuse to the victims themselves. We conclude that understanding these cognitive distortions and the influence of gender stereotypes is essential in order to support appropriate psychological interventions and challenge cultural perceptions that make women invisible as aggressors.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Agressoras sexuais Abuso sexual de crianças Crenças Distorções cognitivas Perceção de culpabilidade Negação Minimização Responsabilização das vítimas