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Publication
A tomada de decisão nas operações de fiscalização de trânsito: Estudo comparativo em agentes da PSP das divisões de trânsito do Porto e de Lisboa
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| 1.41 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A tomada de decisão é inerente ao ser humano e faz parte do seu quotidiano. O decisor policial desenvolve a sua atividade num ambiente complexo e dinâmico, enfrentando diariamente situações que o obrigam a tomar decisões céleres, influenciadas por fatores, como a falta de tempo, a impossibilidade de aceder a toda a informação disponível e as suas próprias limitações cognitivas. As decisões tomadas podem ter implicações em si próprio, no cidadão ou na instituição que representa. Esta investigação enquadra-se na linha de investigação do Laboratório de Grandes Eventos do Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna sobre a tomada de decisão na atividade policial. Pretendemos compreender os processos cognitivos que estão na base da tomada de decisão dos polícias da Divisão de Trânsito do Porto quando integrados em operações de fiscalização de trânsito. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, em contexto naturalista, recorrendo à simulação de uma operação de fiscalização de trânsito. Recolheram-se dados de 20 polícias do género masculino muito experientes com recurso à técnica pensar alto retrospetivamente e a uma entrevista com um guião previamente estabelecido para complementar a informação recolhida. Os dados recolhidos foram, posteriormente, submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados permitem caracterizar o processo de tomada de decisão dos polícias e evidenciam a informação a que os polícias atendem, predominantemente, para dar a ordem de paragem aos veículos a fiscalizar. Fez-se também um estudo comparativo recorrendo aos resultados de um estudo com polícias do género masculino muito experientes da Divisão de Trânsito de Lisboa.
Decision-making is inherent to the human being and is part of its everyday life. The police decision-maker acts in a complex and dynamic environment, facing daily situations that require him swift decisions, influenced by factors such as lack of time, the inability to collect all available information and his own cognitive limitations. His decisions may have implications on the decider, on the citizen or on the institution he represents. The present investigation is part of the research line of the Major Events Laboratory of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security, on decision-making in police activity. It is intended to understand the cognitive processes that underlie the police officers decision-making from Oporto Traffic Division when ordering a traffic control/surveillance operation. A qualitative study was conducted, in a naturalist context, using a simulation of a traffic control/surveillance operation. Data was collected from 20 expert male police officers using the stimulated retrospective think aloud technique and an interview with a previously designed script for additional information. The data obtained was later submitted to content analysis. The results allow to characterize the police officer decision-making and reveal the type of information that police officers predominantly tend to point when they decide to give an order to stop in a traffic control/surveillance operation. Furthermore, a comparative study was performed using the results of a study conducted with expert male police officers from Lisbon Traffic Division.
Decision-making is inherent to the human being and is part of its everyday life. The police decision-maker acts in a complex and dynamic environment, facing daily situations that require him swift decisions, influenced by factors such as lack of time, the inability to collect all available information and his own cognitive limitations. His decisions may have implications on the decider, on the citizen or on the institution he represents. The present investigation is part of the research line of the Major Events Laboratory of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security, on decision-making in police activity. It is intended to understand the cognitive processes that underlie the police officers decision-making from Oporto Traffic Division when ordering a traffic control/surveillance operation. A qualitative study was conducted, in a naturalist context, using a simulation of a traffic control/surveillance operation. Data was collected from 20 expert male police officers using the stimulated retrospective think aloud technique and an interview with a previously designed script for additional information. The data obtained was later submitted to content analysis. The results allow to characterize the police officer decision-making and reveal the type of information that police officers predominantly tend to point when they decide to give an order to stop in a traffic control/surveillance operation. Furthermore, a comparative study was performed using the results of a study conducted with expert male police officers from Lisbon Traffic Division.
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Keywords
Polícia de Segurança Pública tomada de decisão policial operações de fiscalização de trânsito polícias do género masculino muito experientes simulação