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O consumo de hidratos de carbono em futebolistas masculinos: revisão sistemática e meta-análise
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Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: As diretrizes relativas ao consumo de hidratos de carbono têm sido extensivamente discutidas. Apesar deste macronutriente ser reconhecidamente determinante no rendimento desportivo, escassas revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises foram conduzidas para avaliar a ingestão de hidratos de carbono em futebolistas masculinos.
OBJETIVOS: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática, com meta-análise, foi avaliar a ingestão de hidratos de carbono em diferentes períodos da época competitiva. Adicionalmente, foi examinado o consumo de hidratos de carbono por grupo posicional.
METODOLOGIA: As bases de dados utilizadas foram PubMed, SPORTDiscus e Web of Science Core Collection. Os estudos incluídos consideraram os seguintes critérios de elegibilidade: jogadores de futebol masculino, idade superior a 18 anos e consumo de hidratos de carbono expresso em g.kg-1.dia-1.
RESULTADOS: Inicialmente, foram identificados 1992 artigos. Destes, 11 foram considerados elegíveis para a revisão sistemática e 10 foram incluídos na meta-análise. Os resultados demonstraram que os futebolistas masculinos, consomem em média, 4,3 g.kg-1.dia-1 e 5,0 g.kg-1.dia-1 nos períodos competitivos e preparatórios (pré-época), respetivamente. Não foi encontrado qualquer estudo que reportasse o consumo de hidratos de carbono durante a off-season. Apenas três estudos examinaram a variação do consumo de hidratos de carbono por grupo posicional. Embora as amostras sejam limitadas, os guarda-redes parecem ingerir uma menor quantidade de hidratos de carbono comparativamente a atletas de outras posições em campo.
CONCLUSÕES: Considerando as limitações associadas às metodologias utilizadas para aferir o consumo de hidratos de carbono em atletas, a presente revisão sistemática realça a necessidade de desenvolver estratégias nutricionais para o cumprimento das diretrizes deste macronutriente.
INTRODUCTION: Guidelines for carbohydrate (CHO) intake have been systematically updated. Although CHO are determinant to soccer performance, few systematic reviews or meta-analyses described the CHO ingestion among male soccer players. OBJECTIVES: This systematic-review, with meta-analyses, examined the CHO intake in male soccer players according to the competitive schedule (preparatory season, season and off-season). Additionally, the variability of CHO intake considering playing position was described. METHODOLOGY: Three databases were consulted: PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science Core Collection. Studies were included according to the following eligibility criteria: (i) male soccer players, (ii) age ≥ 18.0 years, (iii) CHO intake expressed in g.kg-1.day-1. RESULTS: Initially, 1992 manuscripts were identified. Of those, 11 manuscripts were considered eligible for the systematic review and 10 manuscripts were included in the meta-analyses. The results of the current meta-analysis showed that male soccer players consumed, on average, 4.3 g.kg-1.day-1 and 5.0 g.kg-1.day-1 of CHO during the season and in the preparatory period, respectively. Surprisingly, no studies reported CHO intake during off-season. Only three studies examined CHO ingestion by playing position. Although samples were limited, goalkeepers seemed to ingest less CHO than outfielders. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limitations associated with CHO intake reporting, nutritional strategies to confirm that athletes meet the intake of this macronutrient are needed.
INTRODUCTION: Guidelines for carbohydrate (CHO) intake have been systematically updated. Although CHO are determinant to soccer performance, few systematic reviews or meta-analyses described the CHO ingestion among male soccer players. OBJECTIVES: This systematic-review, with meta-analyses, examined the CHO intake in male soccer players according to the competitive schedule (preparatory season, season and off-season). Additionally, the variability of CHO intake considering playing position was described. METHODOLOGY: Three databases were consulted: PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science Core Collection. Studies were included according to the following eligibility criteria: (i) male soccer players, (ii) age ≥ 18.0 years, (iii) CHO intake expressed in g.kg-1.day-1. RESULTS: Initially, 1992 manuscripts were identified. Of those, 11 manuscripts were considered eligible for the systematic review and 10 manuscripts were included in the meta-analyses. The results of the current meta-analysis showed that male soccer players consumed, on average, 4.3 g.kg-1.day-1 and 5.0 g.kg-1.day-1 of CHO during the season and in the preparatory period, respectively. Surprisingly, no studies reported CHO intake during off-season. Only three studies examined CHO ingestion by playing position. Although samples were limited, goalkeepers seemed to ingest less CHO than outfielders. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limitations associated with CHO intake reporting, nutritional strategies to confirm that athletes meet the intake of this macronutrient are needed.
Description
Keywords
Competição Energia Glicogénio Macronutrientes Periodização In-season Energy Glycogen Macronutrients Periodization
Citation
Publisher
ASSOCIAÇÃO PORTUGUESA DE NUTRIÇÃO