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Ecografia nos cuidados de saúde: um estudo económico, social
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A ecografia, é uma das modalidades de imagem dos meios complementares de diagnóstico e terapêutica, sendo cada vez mais utilizada em aplicações clínicas, em âmbito de ambulatório, auxiliando na vigilância, diagnóstico, monitoração de doenças, orientação de intervenção e em ambiente de pré-hospitalar ou mesmo em âmbito de urgência.
Estando a ecografia presente cada vez mais no percurso do doente, ajudando assim neste aumento muito significativo do uso de ecografia para exames de diagnóstico, torna-se importante verificar a sua importância junto da população portuguesa.
Objetivo: Pretende-se com este trabalho identificar o número de equipamentos de ecografia e a sua distribuição geográfica atual. Verificar a evolução do número de exames da modalidade de ecografia, o tempo de espera entre a sua prescrição e a sua realização ao longo destes últimos 15 anos. E verificar o montante despendido nesta modalidade e o seu valor correspondente por habitante português ao longo destes últimos 15 anos.
Material e métodos: Recolha e análise dos dados estatísticos solicitados às entidades de saúde competentes nacionais (INE, SPMP, ARS e ACSS), por comunicação eletrónica e telefónica. Tempo de recolha de dados superior a 9 meses, tendo tido início em outubro de 2023 e término em agosto de 2024.
Resultados: A nível da distribuição populacional, a partir dos Censos de 2021, verificou-se que existe maior população residente é na zona Norte, depois a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, seguindo-se a zona Centro, o Alentejo, o Algarve, a Região Autónoma da Madeira e por fim a região autónoma dos Açores.
Ao nível do número de equipamentos de ecografia, nos Censos realizados em 2021, pela ATARP, verificou-se que a maioria dos equipamentos se localiza na região da área metropolitana de Lisboa com 20 equipamentos, seguindo-se a região Norte e a região autónoma da Madeira com 17. A região Centro indicou 11 e a região Sul (Alentejo e Algarve) 7. Quanto a evolução da modalidade de ecografia esta tem vindo a aumentar cada vez mais, tendo havido quebra no ano de 2020, correspondente ao ano de confinamento devido a pandemia.
Quanto ao tempo entre a prescrição e a realização das ecografias, não individualizando por tipo de ecografia, a média superou os 40 dias.
Quanto ao montante despendido nesta modalidade nunca foi além dos 0.43% da percentagem das despesas em exames de ecografia nas despesas das administrações publicas, correspondente ao ano de 2015. E nunca se despendeu mais de 5,11€ em ecografias por habitante, correspondendo ao ano de 2019.
Conclusão: Em Portugal, a distribuição dos equipamentos de ecografia não está efetuada de acordo com a distribuição geográfica populacional. O tempo médio entre requisição e realização de ecografias em Portugal, ultrapassa os 40 dias. Conclui-se também que, houvesse maior investimento em exames de ecografia e mais profissionais a realizar exames de ecografia, haveria uma otimização e eventual diminuição da exposição à radiação ao doente, com ganhos na prevenção e promoção da saúde e com diminuição de custos e congestionamento em modalidades mais diferenciadas.
Introduction: Ultrasound is one of the imaging modalities of the complementary means of diagnosis and therapy, being increasingly used in clinical applications, in the outpatient setting, assisting in surveillance, diagnosis, disease monitoring, intervention guidance and in a pre-hospital environment or even in an emergency setting. As ultrasound is increasingly present in the patient's pathway, thus helping in this very significant increase in the use of ultrasound for diagnostic exams, it is important to verify its importance among the Portuguese population. Aims: The aim of this work is to identify the number of ultrasound equipment and its current geographical distribution. To verify the evolution of the number of ultrasound exams, the waiting time between their prescription and their performance over the last 15 years. And to verify the amount spent on this modality and its corresponding value per Portuguese inhabitant over the last 15 years. Material and methods: Collection and analysis of statistical data requested from the competent national health entities (INE, SPMP, ARS and ACSS), by electronic and telephone communication. Data collection time of more than 9 months, starting in October 2023 and ending in August 2024. Results: In terms of population distribution, from the 2021 Census, it was found that there is the largest resident population in the North, then the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, followed by the Center, the Alentejo, the Algarve, the Autonomous Region of Madeira and finally the autonomous region of the Azores. In terms of the number of ultrasound equipment, in the Censuses carried out in 2021, by ATARP, it was found that most of the equipment is located in the region of the metropolitan area of Lisbon with 20 equipment, followed by the North region and the autonomous region of Madeira with 17. The Central region indicated 11 and the South region (Alentejo and Algarve) 7. As for the evolution of the ultrasound modality, it has been increasing more and more, with a drop in 2020, corresponding to the year of confinement due to the pandemic. Regarding the time between the prescription and the performance of ultrasounds, not individualized by type of ultrasound, the average exceeded 40 days. As for the amount spent on this modality, it has never exceeded 0.43% of the percentage of expenditure on ultrasound exams in the expenditure of public administrations, corresponding to the year 2015. And no more than €5.11 has ever been spent on ultrasounds per inhabitant, corresponding to the year 2019. Conclusion: In Portugal, the distribution of ultrasound equipment is not carried out according to the geographical distribution of the population. The average time between requesting and performing ultrasounds in Portugal exceeds 40 days. It is also concluded that, if there were greater investment in ultrasound exams and more professionals performing ultrasound exams, there would be an optimization and eventual reduction of radiation exposure to the patient, with gains in prevention and health promotion and with a reduction in costs and congestion in more differentiated modalities.
Introduction: Ultrasound is one of the imaging modalities of the complementary means of diagnosis and therapy, being increasingly used in clinical applications, in the outpatient setting, assisting in surveillance, diagnosis, disease monitoring, intervention guidance and in a pre-hospital environment or even in an emergency setting. As ultrasound is increasingly present in the patient's pathway, thus helping in this very significant increase in the use of ultrasound for diagnostic exams, it is important to verify its importance among the Portuguese population. Aims: The aim of this work is to identify the number of ultrasound equipment and its current geographical distribution. To verify the evolution of the number of ultrasound exams, the waiting time between their prescription and their performance over the last 15 years. And to verify the amount spent on this modality and its corresponding value per Portuguese inhabitant over the last 15 years. Material and methods: Collection and analysis of statistical data requested from the competent national health entities (INE, SPMP, ARS and ACSS), by electronic and telephone communication. Data collection time of more than 9 months, starting in October 2023 and ending in August 2024. Results: In terms of population distribution, from the 2021 Census, it was found that there is the largest resident population in the North, then the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, followed by the Center, the Alentejo, the Algarve, the Autonomous Region of Madeira and finally the autonomous region of the Azores. In terms of the number of ultrasound equipment, in the Censuses carried out in 2021, by ATARP, it was found that most of the equipment is located in the region of the metropolitan area of Lisbon with 20 equipment, followed by the North region and the autonomous region of Madeira with 17. The Central region indicated 11 and the South region (Alentejo and Algarve) 7. As for the evolution of the ultrasound modality, it has been increasing more and more, with a drop in 2020, corresponding to the year of confinement due to the pandemic. Regarding the time between the prescription and the performance of ultrasounds, not individualized by type of ultrasound, the average exceeded 40 days. As for the amount spent on this modality, it has never exceeded 0.43% of the percentage of expenditure on ultrasound exams in the expenditure of public administrations, corresponding to the year 2015. And no more than €5.11 has ever been spent on ultrasounds per inhabitant, corresponding to the year 2019. Conclusion: In Portugal, the distribution of ultrasound equipment is not carried out according to the geographical distribution of the population. The average time between requesting and performing ultrasounds in Portugal exceeds 40 days. It is also concluded that, if there were greater investment in ultrasound exams and more professionals performing ultrasound exams, there would be an optimization and eventual reduction of radiation exposure to the patient, with gains in prevention and health promotion and with a reduction in costs and congestion in more differentiated modalities.
Description
Keywords
Ecografia Impacto económico e social Cuidados de saúde Ultrasound Economic and social impact Health care