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Publication
Avaliação da capacidade funcional da pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada: intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A insuficiência cardíaca é um problema grave de saúde pública, com impacto económico significativo, sendo considerada a epidemia do século XXI. Esta síndrome crónica e progressiva provoca limitações nas atividades de vida diária com consequente perda de autonomia funcional e instrumental, intolerância à atividade associada à dispneia, edema e fadiga. O exercício físico, como componente central da
reabilitação cardíaca, contribui para a melhoria da capacidade funcional, dos sintomas, da função cardíaca e da tolerância ao exercício. O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação para promover a função física utiliza instrumentos de avaliação, nomeadamente, a Short Physical Performance Battery que permite avaliar a capacidade funcional da pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca, em três domínios: equilíbrio,
marcha e força muscular.
Objetivo: Implementar um projeto de intervenção de melhoria contínua da qualidade, no âmbito dos cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação à pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada.
Metodologia: Apresentou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura que subsidia a intervenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação na reabilitação cardíaca à pessoa com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada, em contexto de internamento. Foi também realizado um relato de cinco casos de abordagem quantitativa elaborado com base nas guidelines CARE para CAse REports, às quais se aplicou o instrumento Short Physical Performance Battery, no momento da admissão e à data da alta hospitalar, como forma de avaliar a evolução da capacidade funcional e a eficácia do programa de reabilitação. A sua utilização sistemática permite quantificar alterações no estado de saúde, adequar a intervenção e avaliar a evolução do estado clínico da pessoa.
Resultados: Verificou-se que as 5 pessoas internadas com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada apresentaram melhorias nos resultados da Short Physical Performance Battery e, consequentemente, na capacidade funcional.
Conclusões: A Short Physical Performance Battery revelou-se um instrumento útil e efetivo para o Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, auxiliando na tomada de decisão clínica, permitindo avaliar a capacidade funcional nas pessoas internadas com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. Face aos resultados apresentados sugere-se a inclusão da Short Physical Performance Battery num programa de
reabilitação cardíaca, contribuindo para avaliação da sua eficácia.
Background: Heart failure is a serious public health problem, with significant economic impact, being considered the epidemic of the twenty-first century. This chronic and progressive syndrome causes limitations in activities of daily living with consequent loss of functional and instrumental autonomy, activity intolerance associated with dyspnea, edema, and fatigue. Physical exercise, as a central component of cardiac rehabilitation, contributes to the improvement of functional capacity, symptoms, heart function and exercise tolerance. The Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing uses assessment instruments to promote physical function, namely, the Short Physical Performance Battery that allows to evaluate the functional capacity of the person with heart failure, in three domains: balance, gait and muscle strength. Objective: To implement an intervention project of continuous quality improvement, in the scope of rehabilitation nursing care to the person with decompensated heart failure. Methodology: An integrative review of the literature was presented that supports the intervention of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing in the cardiac rehabilitation to the person with decompensated heart failure, in the context of hospitalization. It was also carried out a report of 5 cases of quantitative approach elaborated based on the CARE guidelines for CAse REports, to which the Short Physical Performance Battery instrument was applied, at the time of admission and at the time of hospital discharge, as a way to evaluate the evolution of functional capacity and the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program. Its systematic use allows quantifying changes in health status, adjusting the intervention and evaluating the evolution of the person's clinical status. Results: It was found that the five people hospitalized with decompensated heart failure showed improvements in Short Physical Performance Battery results and, consequently, in functional capacity. Conclusions: The Short Physical Performance Battery proved to be a useful and effective instrument for the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, assisting in clinical decision-making, allowing the evaluation of functional capacity in people hospitalized with decompensated heart failure. In view of the results presented, it is suggested the inclusion of the Short Physical Performance Battery in a cardiac rehabilitation program, contributing to evaluation of its efficacy.
Background: Heart failure is a serious public health problem, with significant economic impact, being considered the epidemic of the twenty-first century. This chronic and progressive syndrome causes limitations in activities of daily living with consequent loss of functional and instrumental autonomy, activity intolerance associated with dyspnea, edema, and fatigue. Physical exercise, as a central component of cardiac rehabilitation, contributes to the improvement of functional capacity, symptoms, heart function and exercise tolerance. The Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing uses assessment instruments to promote physical function, namely, the Short Physical Performance Battery that allows to evaluate the functional capacity of the person with heart failure, in three domains: balance, gait and muscle strength. Objective: To implement an intervention project of continuous quality improvement, in the scope of rehabilitation nursing care to the person with decompensated heart failure. Methodology: An integrative review of the literature was presented that supports the intervention of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing in the cardiac rehabilitation to the person with decompensated heart failure, in the context of hospitalization. It was also carried out a report of 5 cases of quantitative approach elaborated based on the CARE guidelines for CAse REports, to which the Short Physical Performance Battery instrument was applied, at the time of admission and at the time of hospital discharge, as a way to evaluate the evolution of functional capacity and the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program. Its systematic use allows quantifying changes in health status, adjusting the intervention and evaluating the evolution of the person's clinical status. Results: It was found that the five people hospitalized with decompensated heart failure showed improvements in Short Physical Performance Battery results and, consequently, in functional capacity. Conclusions: The Short Physical Performance Battery proved to be a useful and effective instrument for the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing, assisting in clinical decision-making, allowing the evaluation of functional capacity in people hospitalized with decompensated heart failure. In view of the results presented, it is suggested the inclusion of the Short Physical Performance Battery in a cardiac rehabilitation program, contributing to evaluation of its efficacy.
Description
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny e Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado
Keywords
Insuficiência cardíaca Enfermagem de reabilitação Reabilitação cardíaca Capacidade funcional Short Physical Performance Battery