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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Antiguamente, cada territorio generaba su propia arquitectura, según la disponibilidad de
recursos materiales y humanos. Las alteraciones sociales del siglo XX transforman los modos
de vida y las viviendas rurales dejando de reflejar esa condición. La industrialización, irrumpe
definitivamente por el contexto vernáculo, introduciendo nuevos materiales y sistemas
constructivos. Actualmente, se están incrementando gradualmente el tipo de acciones de
rehabilitación en la vivienda tradicional, motivadas esencialmente por intereses económicos y
por sus valores patrimoniales. Sin embargo, son innumerables los conjuntos abandonados
recuperados para el turismo rural, que no corresponden con las expectativas generales en el
ámbito de alcanzar una estrategia de rehabilitación coherente, generando graves conflictos
en la interpretación de su valor patrimonial. De esta forma, se defiende la necesidad de
reflexionar sobre los principios de intervención más coherentes y sensibles a la actual
coyuntura, con el objetivo de asegurar la supervivencia, a largo plazo, de este tipo de
aglomerados.
Las aldeas tradicionales, y en concreto su patrimonio vernáculo residencial, pueden servir
como oportunidades de revitalización del territorio rural, dentro de la coyuntura actual. El
objetivo de este trabajo pasa por intervenir en el aglomerado vernáculo de Saramagal,
conservando su identidad formal, constructiva y cultural, dotándolo de condiciones prácticas
razonables.
La metodología propuesta utiliza diversas técnicas de recogida de información como el
análisis documental, la entrevista y la observación directa. Las referencias arquitectónicas
fueron abordadas como estudio multicaso. El levantamiento del aglomerado fue elaborado
según el método de representación "VernaDoc", que presupone un intenso trabajo de
campo.
El trabajo, está estructurado en seis capítulos, pretende contextualizar la problemática
elegida, estableciendo los principios básicos para desarrollar la propuesta arquitectónica.
Tras una interpretación terminológica referida al objeto de estudio, se procede al estudio del
contexto habitacional analizando los programas tradicionales y las necesidades actuales. De
una muestra general de ocho casos de estudio, tres serán elegidos para un estudio más
profundo (las Aldeas de Asperelo, Pedreira y Albá). El último capítulo se destina al estudio
de la propia área de intervención, para permitir una comprensión territorial, ambiental y
cultural del contexto. La parte final integra las consideraciones generales que pretenden
fundamentar una propuesta arquitectónica apropiada. Esta propuesta tiene como objetivo la
adaptación de las construcciones originales, sin comprometer las exigencias del programa
doméstico contemporáneo, y que asegure una revitalización del aglomerado sin conflictos
tecnológicos y culturales.
Abstract: Formerly, each territory produced their own specific architecture, after the available human and material resources. The social changes of the 20th century transformed the lifestyle and the rural houses stoped to reflect the stated condition. The industrialization advanced definitely through the vernacular realm, presenting new materials and consequent construction systems. Currently, one can observe the increment of several rehabilitation actions in the traditional house, driven by their economic value and their heritage interest. However, there are many cases that the abandon clusters were converted to rural tourism facilities, without coherent intervention criteria’s, originating serious conflicts of heritage value interpretation. Therefore, it is mandatory to think about the best and more accurate intervention principles, to the actual conjecture, in the attempt to assure the longue term survival of these clusters. The traditional villages, namely their vernacular heritage houses, may serve as opportunities to revitalize the rural territory, within the actual conjecture. The objective of this study is to interviene in the vernacular cluster of Saramagal, conserving their formal, constructive and cultural identity, complementing it with practical reasonable conditions. This proposed methodology uses several collecting data techniques, like documental analysis, interview and direct observation. The architectonic references are approached as multicase study. The survey of the house cluster was elaborated under the drawing method of “VernaDoc”, supposing an intensive fieldwork. This study, structured under six chapters, aims to contextualize the stated problematic in order to establish the basic principles for the Architectonic proposal development. After the terminological interpretation of the object of study, a study of the residential context, analysing the traditional program and the actual needs, will be presented. From a general inventory of eight case studies, three will be selected for a deeper analysis (The villages of Asperelo, Pedreira and Albá). The last chapter will address the study of the intervention area, allowing a better territorial, environmental and cultural comprehension of the context. The final part integrates the general considerations, aiming to support a more appropriated architectonic proposal. This proposal has the objective to adapt the original constructions, without compromising the contemporary domestic program, assuring their revitalization without technical and cultural conflicts.
Abstract: Formerly, each territory produced their own specific architecture, after the available human and material resources. The social changes of the 20th century transformed the lifestyle and the rural houses stoped to reflect the stated condition. The industrialization advanced definitely through the vernacular realm, presenting new materials and consequent construction systems. Currently, one can observe the increment of several rehabilitation actions in the traditional house, driven by their economic value and their heritage interest. However, there are many cases that the abandon clusters were converted to rural tourism facilities, without coherent intervention criteria’s, originating serious conflicts of heritage value interpretation. Therefore, it is mandatory to think about the best and more accurate intervention principles, to the actual conjecture, in the attempt to assure the longue term survival of these clusters. The traditional villages, namely their vernacular heritage houses, may serve as opportunities to revitalize the rural territory, within the actual conjecture. The objective of this study is to interviene in the vernacular cluster of Saramagal, conserving their formal, constructive and cultural identity, complementing it with practical reasonable conditions. This proposed methodology uses several collecting data techniques, like documental analysis, interview and direct observation. The architectonic references are approached as multicase study. The survey of the house cluster was elaborated under the drawing method of “VernaDoc”, supposing an intensive fieldwork. This study, structured under six chapters, aims to contextualize the stated problematic in order to establish the basic principles for the Architectonic proposal development. After the terminological interpretation of the object of study, a study of the residential context, analysing the traditional program and the actual needs, will be presented. From a general inventory of eight case studies, three will be selected for a deeper analysis (The villages of Asperelo, Pedreira and Albá). The last chapter will address the study of the intervention area, allowing a better territorial, environmental and cultural comprehension of the context. The final part integrates the general considerations, aiming to support a more appropriated architectonic proposal. This proposal has the objective to adapt the original constructions, without compromising the contemporary domestic program, assuring their revitalization without technical and cultural conflicts.
Description
Keywords
Arquitetura vernácula Reabilitação Núcleo rural de Saramagal (Galiza)