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Publication
A influência de fatores funcionais no desenvolvimento de assimetrias faciais mandibulares
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| 3.48 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As assimetrias faciais mandibulares são características consideradas normais e comuns em seres humanos. Desta forma, é fulcral definir o que se trata de uma assimetria normal a fim de saber diagnosticar quando esta mesma transita para um problema morfológico com repercussões funcionais.
Torna-se imprescindível saber identificar uma assimetria, de acordo com os meios de diagnóstico que dispomos, bem como saber identificar a possível etiologia por detrás da origem da mesma, mas principalmente os problemas que essa etiologia e que a própria assimetria irão despoletar no desenvolvimento craniofacial. As assimetrias faciais detêm um grande impacto na estética facial e consequentemente no bem-estar dos pacientes e podem ser consequências das alterações das funções orais, nomeadamente, da capacidade mastigatória, da respiração e da postura facial e corporal.
Atualmente, é bastante estudada a relação entre maloclusões e mastigação, bem como a sua relação com o desenvolvimento assimétrico dos maxilares. Contudo, não é tão abordada a interrelação com outras funções em simultâneo, como a respiração e a postura da cabeça e do pescoço. A evidência científica torna evidente esta relação e realça as consequências que a ausência interventiva provoca no desenvolvimento craniofacial, abrindo caminhos no âmbito da Ortodontia Intercetiva.
Existem diferentes abordagens no que diz respeito ao tratamento das assimetrias faciais mandibulares, já que a origem deste problema não se prende somente por um fator, mas sim pela combinação de vários. Contudo, é consensual que a intervenção precoce parece melhorar substancialmente o desenvolvimento facial normal. Adicionalmente, existem também tratamentos passíveis de serem implementados na população adulta, que corrigem ou minimizam os efeitos adversos, quer estéticos, quer funcionais.
Mandibular facial asymmetries are common features in the facial appearance of the human being. It is important to define what a normal asymmetry is and to know how to diagnose when it becomes a morphological problem with functional repercussions. It is essential how to know to identify an asymmetry, according to the means of diagnosis that we dispose, as well as to know how to identify the possible etiology behind the origin of the asymmetry. As well as the problems that the etiology, and the asymmetry itself, will trigger in the craniofacial development. Facial asymmetries have a great impact on facial aesthetics, and consequently on the well-being of patients, because they often imply changes in oral functions, such as in masticatory capacity, breathing, and in facial and body posture. Currently, the relationship between malocclusions and mastication is well studied, as well as its relationship with the development of asymmetries in both jaws. However, the interrelation with other functions simultaneously such as breathing and even head and neck posture is not so thoroughly addressed. The literature makes this relationship evident and highlights the consequences that the absence of intervention causes on the craniofacial development, opening paths in the field of Interceptive Orthodontics. There are different approaches regarding to the treatment of mandibular facial asymmetries, since the origin of this problem is not linked to just one factor, but to a combination of several. However, there is consensus that early intervention appears improve normal facial development. Additionally, there are also treatments that can be implemented in the adult population that correct or minimize adverse effects, both aesthetic and functional.
Mandibular facial asymmetries are common features in the facial appearance of the human being. It is important to define what a normal asymmetry is and to know how to diagnose when it becomes a morphological problem with functional repercussions. It is essential how to know to identify an asymmetry, according to the means of diagnosis that we dispose, as well as to know how to identify the possible etiology behind the origin of the asymmetry. As well as the problems that the etiology, and the asymmetry itself, will trigger in the craniofacial development. Facial asymmetries have a great impact on facial aesthetics, and consequently on the well-being of patients, because they often imply changes in oral functions, such as in masticatory capacity, breathing, and in facial and body posture. Currently, the relationship between malocclusions and mastication is well studied, as well as its relationship with the development of asymmetries in both jaws. However, the interrelation with other functions simultaneously such as breathing and even head and neck posture is not so thoroughly addressed. The literature makes this relationship evident and highlights the consequences that the absence of intervention causes on the craniofacial development, opening paths in the field of Interceptive Orthodontics. There are different approaches regarding to the treatment of mandibular facial asymmetries, since the origin of this problem is not linked to just one factor, but to a combination of several. However, there is consensus that early intervention appears improve normal facial development. Additionally, there are also treatments that can be implemented in the adult population that correct or minimize adverse effects, both aesthetic and functional.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Assimetria facial mandibular Mastigação Respiração Postura