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A influĂȘncia de fatores funcionais no desenvolvimento de assimetrias faciais mandibulares
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As assimetrias faciais mandibulares sĂŁo caracterĂsticas consideradas normais e comuns em seres humanos. Desta forma, Ă© fulcral definir o que se trata de uma assimetria normal a fim de saber diagnosticar quando esta mesma transita para um problema morfolĂłgico com repercussĂ”es funcionais.
Torna-se imprescindĂvel saber identificar uma assimetria, de acordo com os meios de diagnĂłstico que dispomos, bem como saber identificar a possĂvel etiologia por detrĂĄs da origem da mesma, mas principalmente os problemas que essa etiologia e que a prĂłpria assimetria irĂŁo despoletar no desenvolvimento craniofacial. As assimetrias faciais detĂȘm um grande impacto na estĂ©tica facial e consequentemente no bem-estar dos pacientes e podem ser consequĂȘncias das alteraçÔes das funçÔes orais, nomeadamente, da capacidade mastigatĂłria, da respiração e da postura facial e corporal.
Atualmente, Ă© bastante estudada a relação entre maloclusĂ”es e mastigação, bem como a sua relação com o desenvolvimento assimĂ©trico dos maxilares. Contudo, nĂŁo Ă© tĂŁo abordada a interrelação com outras funçÔes em simultĂąneo, como a respiração e a postura da cabeça e do pescoço. A evidĂȘncia cientĂfica torna evidente esta relação e realça as consequĂȘncias que a ausĂȘncia interventiva provoca no desenvolvimento craniofacial, abrindo caminhos no Ăąmbito da Ortodontia Intercetiva.
Existem diferentes abordagens no que diz respeito ao tratamento das assimetrias faciais mandibulares, jĂĄ que a origem deste problema nĂŁo se prende somente por um fator, mas sim pela combinação de vĂĄrios. Contudo, Ă© consensual que a intervenção precoce parece melhorar substancialmente o desenvolvimento facial normal. Adicionalmente, existem tambĂ©m tratamentos passĂveis de serem implementados na população adulta, que corrigem ou minimizam os efeitos adversos, quer estĂ©ticos, quer funcionais.
Mandibular facial asymmetries are common features in the facial appearance of the human being. It is important to define what a normal asymmetry is and to know how to diagnose when it becomes a morphological problem with functional repercussions. It is essential how to know to identify an asymmetry, according to the means of diagnosis that we dispose, as well as to know how to identify the possible etiology behind the origin of the asymmetry. As well as the problems that the etiology, and the asymmetry itself, will trigger in the craniofacial development. Facial asymmetries have a great impact on facial aesthetics, and consequently on the well-being of patients, because they often imply changes in oral functions, such as in masticatory capacity, breathing, and in facial and body posture. Currently, the relationship between malocclusions and mastication is well studied, as well as its relationship with the development of asymmetries in both jaws. However, the interrelation with other functions simultaneously such as breathing and even head and neck posture is not so thoroughly addressed. The literature makes this relationship evident and highlights the consequences that the absence of intervention causes on the craniofacial development, opening paths in the field of Interceptive Orthodontics. There are different approaches regarding to the treatment of mandibular facial asymmetries, since the origin of this problem is not linked to just one factor, but to a combination of several. However, there is consensus that early intervention appears improve normal facial development. Additionally, there are also treatments that can be implemented in the adult population that correct or minimize adverse effects, both aesthetic and functional.
Mandibular facial asymmetries are common features in the facial appearance of the human being. It is important to define what a normal asymmetry is and to know how to diagnose when it becomes a morphological problem with functional repercussions. It is essential how to know to identify an asymmetry, according to the means of diagnosis that we dispose, as well as to know how to identify the possible etiology behind the origin of the asymmetry. As well as the problems that the etiology, and the asymmetry itself, will trigger in the craniofacial development. Facial asymmetries have a great impact on facial aesthetics, and consequently on the well-being of patients, because they often imply changes in oral functions, such as in masticatory capacity, breathing, and in facial and body posture. Currently, the relationship between malocclusions and mastication is well studied, as well as its relationship with the development of asymmetries in both jaws. However, the interrelation with other functions simultaneously such as breathing and even head and neck posture is not so thoroughly addressed. The literature makes this relationship evident and highlights the consequences that the absence of intervention causes on the craniofacial development, opening paths in the field of Interceptive Orthodontics. There are different approaches regarding to the treatment of mandibular facial asymmetries, since the origin of this problem is not linked to just one factor, but to a combination of several. However, there is consensus that early intervention appears improve normal facial development. Additionally, there are also treatments that can be implemented in the adult population that correct or minimize adverse effects, both aesthetic and functional.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitårio Egas Moniz
Keywords
Assimetria facial mandibular Mastigação Respiração Postura