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The effect of occupancy and environmental physical variables on classrooms’ natural ventilation: a path modeling approach

dc.contributor.authorDuarte, Rogério
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, António Moret
dc.contributor.authorPimentel, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Maria da Glória
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T09:58:02Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T09:58:02Z
dc.date.issued2024-12
dc.description.abstractIn this paper, we use a path model to study natural ventilation in classrooms and research the link between air change rate, occupancy, and both outdoor and indoor physical variables. In general, the path model is derived from the building physics and occupant behavioral considerations via structural equation modeling (SEM), and allows for the use of continuous observable and unobservable factors. The latter are often employed in behavioral and social sciences to represent personal and group attributes. The path model is validated with data gathered during two consecutive academic years from four classrooms of a Portuguese school. The results confirm indoor and outdoor air temperature as major drivers of classroom ventilation, with standardized total path coefficients of approximately 0.55. Solar energy, precipitation, and occupancy are also significant drivers of classroom ventilation, with standardized total path coefficients of 0.24, −0.18, and 0.17, respectively. These results contribute to our understanding of the relative importance of occupancy as well as to identifying the most relevant environmental determinants of natural classroom ventilation. In spite of the statistical significance of the path model as a whole and its detailed causal relationships (direct, indirect, and feedback), only 58% of classroom ventilation variance is explained by the selected input variables. Because naturally ventilated classrooms depend significantly on occupants’ interactions with the built environment, i.e., opening/closing windows and blinds, extending path modeling to include additional personal and context-related drivers of occupants’ behavior would allow for further insights into the complex multi-domain topic of natural classroom ventilation.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationDuarte, R., Moret Rodrigues, A., Pimentel, F., & Gomes, M. d. G. (2024). The effect of occupancy and environmental physical variables on classrooms’ natural ventilation: A path modeling approach. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11705. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411705pt_PT
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/app142411705pt_PT
dc.identifier.isbn2076-3417
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/54001
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11705pt_PT
dc.subjectPath modelpt_PT
dc.subjectNatural ventilationpt_PT
dc.subjectSchool classroomspt_PT
dc.subjectStructural equation modelingpt_PT
dc.subjectHuman behaviorpt_PT
dc.subjectWindow opening/closingpt_PT
dc.titleThe effect of occupancy and environmental physical variables on classrooms’ natural ventilation: a path modeling approachpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
person.familyNameDuarte
person.givenNameRogério
person.identifier.ciencia-idEA18-DF0E-51DD
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3880-5440
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication71a72905-326d-4290-9d48-bc22414709a3
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery71a72905-326d-4290-9d48-bc22414709a3

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