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Carcinoma das cĂ©lulas escamosas em gatos: abordagem terapĂȘutica
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O carcinoma das células escamosas, é uma das neoplasias mais frequentes em gatos. As
apresentaçÔes clinicas mais frequentes sĂŁo ao nĂvel da pele e da cavidade oral, representando cerca
de 15%, de todos os tumores cutùneos e 60 a 80% de todos os tumores orais, nesta espécie. Este tipo
de tumor, apresenta um carĂĄter maligno, de comportamento agressivo e elevada invasĂŁo local. Apesar
da taxa metastĂĄtica ser baixa, pode ocorrer tardiamente. A apresentação clĂnica da doença, caracterizase pelas alteraçÔes ao nĂvel do epitĂ©lio escamoso, sendo mais frequente em animais geriĂĄtricos. Tal
pode ocorrer em diferentes locais, revestidos por este epitélio, desde a cavidade oral às almofadas
plantares. VĂĄrios fatores etiolĂłgicos, como a exposição prolongada Ă luz ultravioleta, tĂȘm vindo a ser
estudados, como potenciadores do desenvolvimento desta doença. O prognóstico para o carcinoma
das cĂ©lulas escamosas da cavidade oral Ă© geralmente reservado, devido Ă elevada taxa de recorrĂȘncia
local e Ă localização anatĂłmica, que frequentemente limita as opçÔes terapĂȘuticas. O prognĂłstico do
carcinoma das células escamosas cutùneo poderå ser mais favoråvel. Em ambos os casos, a
precocidade na deteção e rapidez na implementação da terapia são fatores determinantes na evolução
da doença. A presente revisão, tem como objetivo sumariar e analisar, as principais abordagens
terapĂȘuticas do carcinoma de cĂ©lulas escamosas descritas na literatura, desde a excisĂŁo cirĂșrgica Ă s
novas modalidades de tratamento, que tĂȘm vindo a ser estudadas. Ă realizada tambĂ©m, uma
contextualização da doença, através de uma abordagem à sua etiologia, fisiopatogenia e diagnóstico.
Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most frequently occuring neoplasm in cats. The skin and the oral cavity are the most common places for clinical presentations of this disease, representing about 15% of all cutaneous tumors and 60% to 80% of all oral tumors, in this species. This type of tumor, has a malignant character, highly agressive behaviour and local invasion. Even though the metastasis rate is low, it may occur, belatedly. The clinical presentation of this disease is characterized by changes in the squamous cell epithelium, occuring, more frequently in geriatric animals. These changes may occur in diferent anatomical sites that are covered by this epithelium, ranging from the oral cavity to the plantar pads. Many ethiological factors, that may potenciate the development of this disease, like prolonged exposure to UV light, have been studied. The prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma is generally poor, due to high rates of local recurrence and anatomical sites that may limit our therapeutical approaches. On the other hand, the prognosis for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma may be better. In both cases, the early detection and fast treatment are a crucial factor in dictating the course of the disease. The present review aims to sumarize and analyse the main therapeutical approaches that are described in the current literature, from surgical excision to new treatments, that have been described. Also, aiming to resume the current context of this disease, when it comes to ethiology and pathophysiology and diagnosis.
Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most frequently occuring neoplasm in cats. The skin and the oral cavity are the most common places for clinical presentations of this disease, representing about 15% of all cutaneous tumors and 60% to 80% of all oral tumors, in this species. This type of tumor, has a malignant character, highly agressive behaviour and local invasion. Even though the metastasis rate is low, it may occur, belatedly. The clinical presentation of this disease is characterized by changes in the squamous cell epithelium, occuring, more frequently in geriatric animals. These changes may occur in diferent anatomical sites that are covered by this epithelium, ranging from the oral cavity to the plantar pads. Many ethiological factors, that may potenciate the development of this disease, like prolonged exposure to UV light, have been studied. The prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma is generally poor, due to high rates of local recurrence and anatomical sites that may limit our therapeutical approaches. On the other hand, the prognosis for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma may be better. In both cases, the early detection and fast treatment are a crucial factor in dictating the course of the disease. The present review aims to sumarize and analyse the main therapeutical approaches that are described in the current literature, from surgical excision to new treatments, that have been described. Also, aiming to resume the current context of this disease, when it comes to ethiology and pathophysiology and diagnosis.
Description
Keywords
Carcinoma das células escamosas Gatos Tumor cutùneo Tumor oral Squamous cell carcinoma Cats Cutaneous tumor Oral tumor