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A Pessoa com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica Agudizada:
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica é uma doença heterogénea, caracterizada por sintomas respiratórios crónicos, decorrente de alterações das vias aéreas e/ou dos alvéolos, que causa obstrução persistente e progressiva do fluxo de ar. No decurso da doença, as agudizações conduzem a um declínio da função pulmonar, do estado funcional e à intolerância ao exercício, com consequente diminuição da qualidade de vida.
Para além disso, há ainda a considerar o compromisso observado ao nível do autocuidado, pelo que a Teoria do Défice de Autocuidado em Enfermagem de Dorothea Orem, assume-se como o referencial teórico subjacente ao trabalho, permitindo orientar a intervenção para a maximização da funcionalidade, autonomia e promoção do autocuidado.
A Enfermagem de Reabilitação tem um papel preponderante na gestão eficaz dos episódios de agudização da doença, particularmente na permeabilização das vias aéreas, com o objetivo de diminuir o trabalho respiratório, acelerar o processo de recuperação, prevenir complicações e minimizar a sintomatologia, assim como, na prevenção de novas agudizações através da promoção do autocuidado para a autogestão da doença.
Da elaboração e posterior implementação de um projeto de aprendizagem na prática clínica, em contexto hospitalar e comunitário, culmina o presente relatório, com o propósito de apresentar o percurso formativo desenvolvido, descrevendo de forma crítico-reflexiva, as atividades realizadas que levaram à aquisição das competências comuns do Enfermeiro Especialista, específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, bem como as metas para a obtenção do grau de Mestre.
As atividades incidiram sobretudo na reeducação funcional respiratória, com impacto positivo ao nível da permeabilidade das vias aéreas, melhorias ao nível do padrão ventilatório, com recondicionamento ao esforço, e motor, com ganhos objetiváveis ao nível do fortalecimento muscular, equilíbrio e independência nas atividades de vida diárias.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a heterogeneous condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms that result from alterations in the airways and/or alveoli tissues, which causes persistent and progressive obstruction of airflow. Throughout the development of the disease, consequent exacerbations lead to lung function and functional status decline and exercise intolerance, with a consequent reduction in patient’s quality of life. In addition, self-care activities may be affected from the disease, which is why Dorothea Orem's Theory of Nursing Self-Care Deficit is the theoretical framework underlying the present report, which allows the intervention to be directed towards maximizing patient’s functionality, autonomy and promotes self-care. Rehabilitation Nursing play a key role in the effective management of episodes of the disease exacerbation, particularly in the permeabilization of the airways, with the aim of reducing respiratory work, speeding up the recovery process, preventing complications and minimizing symptoms, as well as preventing new exacerbations by promoting selfcare tools for the self-management of this condition. This report culminates from the preparation and subsequent implementation of a learning project in clinical practice, within the hospital and community fields, by describing, in a critical-reflective way, the training path developed and the activities carried out on this behalf, that led to the acquisition of the common competences of the Specialist Nurse, specificifically the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing, as well as the goals for obtaining a master’s degree. The activities described on this report focused, mainly, on the functional respiratory re-education undertakings that led to a positive impact on airway patency, improvements in the ventilatory pattern by reconditioning the effort, motor skill enhancement, muscle and balance strengthening, and independence in the daily living activities.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a heterogeneous condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms that result from alterations in the airways and/or alveoli tissues, which causes persistent and progressive obstruction of airflow. Throughout the development of the disease, consequent exacerbations lead to lung function and functional status decline and exercise intolerance, with a consequent reduction in patient’s quality of life. In addition, self-care activities may be affected from the disease, which is why Dorothea Orem's Theory of Nursing Self-Care Deficit is the theoretical framework underlying the present report, which allows the intervention to be directed towards maximizing patient’s functionality, autonomy and promotes self-care. Rehabilitation Nursing play a key role in the effective management of episodes of the disease exacerbation, particularly in the permeabilization of the airways, with the aim of reducing respiratory work, speeding up the recovery process, preventing complications and minimizing symptoms, as well as preventing new exacerbations by promoting selfcare tools for the self-management of this condition. This report culminates from the preparation and subsequent implementation of a learning project in clinical practice, within the hospital and community fields, by describing, in a critical-reflective way, the training path developed and the activities carried out on this behalf, that led to the acquisition of the common competences of the Specialist Nurse, specificifically the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing, as well as the goals for obtaining a master’s degree. The activities described on this report focused, mainly, on the functional respiratory re-education undertakings that led to a positive impact on airway patency, improvements in the ventilatory pattern by reconditioning the effort, motor skill enhancement, muscle and balance strengthening, and independence in the daily living activities.
Description
Não contempla as correções resultantes da discussão pública
Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação Terapia respiratória Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica Autocuidado Manuseio das vias aéreas